ERMUSR INFORMATION 03-19-2013 AL FRANKEN S11Tt
MINNESOTA SH-309
202-224-5641
United /Sum s *matt
WASHINGTON,DC 20510-2309
March 4, 2013
The Honorable Daniel R. Elliott III
Chairman
Surface Transportation Board
395 E Street, SW
Washington, DC 20423
Dear Chairman Elliott:
We write to express our concerns with Berkshire Hathaway, Inc.'s (Berkshire)
announcement that it did not realize that its acquisition of BNSF Railway (BNSF) in February
2010 was subject to the jurisdiction of the Surface Transportation Board (STB) under 49 U.S.C.
11323(a)(5). Under existing law, Berkshire is not authorized to own or control multiple rail
carriers without the Board's approval, and this transaction should have only been allowed to
proceed after a determination by the Board that it was in the public interest. The fact that this did
not occur and is just now coming to light—more than two and a half years after Berkshire
acquired BNSF—is very concerning, especially since BNSF is the second largest freight railroad
in North America.
We have written to you previously to express our concern that the $8 billion acquisition
premium that was paid by Berkshire to BNSF could be used to artificially inflate the railroad's
regulatory rate base and could also be passed on to captive shippers in the form of higher rates.
Since Berkshire's acquisition of BNSF, we have heard from a number of shippers that have
complained of elevated rates. As railroads have consolidated over the last several decades,
captive shippers have become more and more vulnerable to excessive rates and unreliable
service. If BNSF is able to include the $8 billion acquisition premium in its capital asset base,
we are concerned that fewer shippers will be eligible to file rate cases with the STB. This is
unacceptable to us. We urge the Board to exclude the acquisition premium for the two years that
the transaction was not approved by the Board, as well as all subsequent years that the railroad is
owned by Berkshire.
Additionally, we think it is very significant that Berkshire was able to pay such a
substantial premium when it acquired BNSF—more than 30 percent above the trading price of
BNSF's shares—and yet, BNSF is still considered to be revenue inadequate by the Board. Over
the last two years, Berkshire Hathaway has sent shareholder letters noting the strength of
BNSF's financial performance and that it"delivered record operating earnings." If Berkshire
Hathaway is able to assure its investors that BNSF will be able to cover its operating costs and
will remain a strong financial investment, and yet the formula used by the Board continues to
indicate that BNSF is "revenue inadequate," then we can only conclude that something is amiss
with the formula. We urge the Board to carefully examine this information when considering
BNSF's revenue adequacy.
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Thank you for your consideration of our views on this subject. We look forward to your
response.
Sincerely,
Al Franken David Vitter
United States Senator United States Senator
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United States Senator United States Senator
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AL FRANKEN SUITE
MINNESOTA SH-309
202-224-5641
united *taten OSenate
WASHINGTON,DC 20510-2309
February 19, 2013
The Honorable Barack Obama
President of the United States of America
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave NW
Washington, DC 20500-0003
Dear Mr. President,
I am writing you about a matter of great importance to the economy of my state and the
nation: the freight railroad monopoly power over customers that must use a freight railroad for
transportation. There are several ongoing executive branch activities regarding our transportation
system,and I respectfully request that you direct them to consider the railroad monopoly problem in
their proceedings.
You mentioned in your Inaugural Address the importance of railroads, highways, and other
infrastructure to the strength of our national economy. I agree. But to really serve our nation, that
infrastructure must be available to all prospective users on a competitive basis,and unfortunately
that is not currently happening. Recent analysis indicates that 78% of the 28,000 "stations" in the
continental United States where a major freight railroad picks up or delivers freight are served by a
single railroad. Of the remaining 22% of rail stations that are nominally served by a second railroad,
a significant number are served by a short line or regional rail carrier that is dominated by the major
railroad serving the location. This lack of competition in our national freight rail transportation
system and the resulting railroad monopoly power over a significant portion of annual railroad
freight movement create significant problems for our state and national economies.
The freight railroads are exempt from our nation's antitrust laws for any issue that is
jurisdictional to the Surface Transportation Board. This treatment of railroads is different from our
treatment of interstate electric transmission lines, interstate natural gas pipelines, and
telecommunications companies, all of which must comply with both federal economic regulation
and the provisions of the nation's antitrust laws. The Surface Transportation Board is charged with
the responsibility of ensuring that the freight railroads do not exercise their market power to the
detriment of their customers. This small and under-funded agency is attempting to apply federal law
adopted in 1980 that presumes that the relationship between the railroad and its customers will be
governed by market competition instead of by regulatory policy. This 1980 presumption does not
match current reality, where there are very limited opportunities for rail dependent shippers to have
access to more than one major railroad.
In March 2011,your Export Council wrote you a letter setting forth federal actions that
could be taken to increase American exports that will create more American jobs. Addressing this
freight rail monopoly power was listed as one of the five actions that could increase American
exports.
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W\MN FRANKEN SENATE GOV
Those of us who are concerned about this problem need your help. There are several
ongoing activities in the Executive Branch that provide opportunities either to produce information
that will illuminate this problem or to produce policies to address this problem. They include:
• The Surface Transportation Board has several policy proceedings pending that address both
the level of competition in the national freight rail system and the discredited and burdensome
procedures by which rail customers without access to transportation competition can challenge
their rail rates for being excessive. Other executive branch agencies who have identified the
lack of rail competition as a problem should engage in these proceedings and advocate for
increased competition in the national freight rail system and a less burdensome rate challenge
process.
• The Department of Transportation has an ongoing effort to develop a national freight rail plan,
and recently established a Freight Policy Council. The rail plan and the work of the Council
must address the freight rail monopoly problem.
• The Department of Agriculture worked with the Department of Transportation to produce an
excellent report in April 2010 on transportation issues in rural America. This report
highlighted railroad monopoly problems in rural America that adversely affect agriculture
input costs, the marketing of agricultural products,the price of electricity in rural America,
and economic development in rural America. This study needs to be updated as a source of
reliable information on this important issue.
• Finally, an Advisory Committee on Logistical Supply Chain Competitiveness was established
recently in the Department of Commerce. This Committee needs to focus on the freight rail
monopoly that exists in our domestic supply chain and its impact on the competitiveness of
American industries and producers.
To help address this significant problem, I also request that you appoint a senior official to
coordinate these ongoing efforts, to analyze the freight rail monopoly problem, and to suggest
federal policies that can be adopted to ensure a competitive national freight rail transportation
system. I believe strongly that efforts to grow our national economy and create jobs are hampered
by the freight rail monopoly problem. I look forward to working with you to address this problem in
the coming Congress. Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions.
Sincerely,
Al Franken
United States Senator
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