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7.6 PCSR 03-11-2014 Oty of 00� Elk Ri*ver El Ek. daftft"W-1 Comprehensive Plan RiVer 1?4 t• N _ T MEN-EWA _ J" N) 4- Adopted: A Minneapolis,MN 55416 701 Xenia Avenue South,Suite 300 B ,3 ii ii &Associates,Inc r 1� � a r I Elk River City of Elk Comprehensive Plan liver Contents Chapter 1: Introduction.................................. 1 Chapter 2: A Vision for Elk River..................... 5 �,vof Elk River Chapter 3: Using the Plan...............................9 Chapter 4: Community Context....................... 19 Chapter 5: Land Use......................................31 Chapter 6: Transportation ..............................45 Chapter 7: Housing .......................................69 Chapter 8: Utilities ........................................85 Chapter 9: Environmental Resources................95 Chapter 10: Parks, Trails, and Open Space....... 103 � L? �. Chapter 11 : Community Facilities.................... 111 - Chapter 12: Community Development.............. 123 Chapter 13: Community Image ...................... 131 P~0 W E R E O 0 1 Rpe` [INATURE] Adopted: 2014 701 Xenia Avenue South,Suite 300 Q Minneapolis,MN 55416 W S L.7 Tel:(763)541-4800 - Fax:(763)541-1700 &a.,�„��,az�.,.T..,. wsheng.com Acknowledgements We would like to thank everyone who participated in the visioning and creation of this Comprehensive Plan. Your comments, insights, and local knowledge of the community are invaluable assets in the planning process. Not included in this list, but nonetheless critical to the success of this planning effort, were many others who provided background information, attended planning meetings and open houses, or contributed by other means. A special thanks to: Citizen Advisory Project Advisory City Council Committee (CAC) Committee (PAC) John J. Dietz, Mayor Paul Motin, City Council Calvin Portner,City Administrator Stewart Wilson,Ward 1 Barbara Burandt,City Council Jeremy Barnhart,Community Matt Westgaard,Ward 2 Mark Konietzko, Planning Operations Development Barbara Burandt,Ward 3 Commission Deputy Director Paul Motin,Ward 4 Gunther Sagan,Parks and Chris Leeseberg,Park Recreation Commission PlannerlPlanner Planning Larry Toth, Housing and Zack Carlton, Planner I Commission Redevelopment Authority Justin Femrite,City Engineer Dana Anderson,Chair Bryan Provo,Economic Michael Hecker, Parks and Mark Konietzko Development Authority Recreation Director Jeremy Johnson Joshua Fox,Historic Preservation Brian Beeman, Economic Eric Johnson John Setala,Energy Development Director Mike Keefe City Commission Suzanne Fischer, Mike Keller Debbi Ryberg,Elk River Area Community Operations and Development Director Chad Westberg Chamber of Commerce p Bruce Anderson, Gary Leirmoe,Wastewater Sherburne County Treatment Chief Operator Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY -a M I O Purpose of the Plan r Elk River's Comprehensive Plan is a guide to help the City preserve what it values, enhance what it feels is needed to be improved upon, and continue to create what it desires for the future. The Plan is a tool that the community uses to guide its future growth, redevelopment and improvement efforts. It provides a foundation upon which the k , community will construct its future. More specifically, it offers a framework for public action that helps the City make the best and most appropriate use of its resources by establishing policies that are used to guide the decision-making process. Chapter 1: Introduction / 1 Elk River comprehensive Plan y 10 The Comprehensive Plan brings together various elements of Elk River into a comprehensive long range plan. The Plan is a guiding document that will periodically be reviewed, amended and updated. City staff, the City Council, Boards, Commissions and others associated with the City will use the Plan to assist them in many ways. It will provide guidance for making informed decisions regarding development, redevelopment and infrastructure improvements, acquire and use public land, assist in budgeting capital improvements, establish regulatory tools and necessary changes, and facilitate the communication of the City's vision to residents, property owners, and others. Property owners and residents will use the Plan to assist them with determining potential property use, understand possible land use changes that may occur in the surrounding area, understand future infrastructure improvements, and make property improvements based on the City's vision for property in the area. Business owners, developers, and entrepreneurs will use the plan to guide them in acquiring property and coordinating development plans with existing and future City infrastructure. It will also assist in helping to coordinate issues of mutual interest, including coordinating the regional systems like transportation and water resources. 2 / Chapter 1: Introduction . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan River ' Organization of the Plan The 2013 Comprehensive Plan builds on the City's 2004 Comprehensive Plan. While the general guiding principles of the two plans are similar, this Plan emphasizes the City's desire to maintain (and enhance) its existing growth patterns and character. The content and organization of this Plan are as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction. This chapter describes the Chapter 8: Utilities. Community growth and purpose of the Plan, how it is intended to be used, how development involves a variety of municipal Utilities. it was developed and how it is organized. This chapter focuses on inventorying, maintaining, sustaining, and enhancing the municipal utility system Chapter 2: Vision. The chapter on vision provides within the City. a snapshot of what the members of the community would like the future of Elk River to look and feel like. Chapter 9: Parks. Parks provide places for the The Vision Statement provides the basic framework for community to gather and play and also provide a planning and decision-making. means for protecting natural features, open spaces, and other aspects of Elk River's natural heritage. Chapter 3: Implementation. The Comprehensive A system of trails connects the community and Plan is the most important tool for guiding the allows for safe movement outside of vehicle traffic. development of Elk River, but the plans and This chapter provides a summary of the existing implementation strategies contained within each park system and outlines strategies for future chapter can only help achieve the community's vision improvements. The City is in the process of updating for the future if the Plan is used. The purpose of this a standalone Parks, Trails and Open Space Plan which section is to provide guidance on using the Plan and should be used for more detailed information. creates a set of guidelines to do so. Chapter 10: Community Facilities. This chapter Chapter 4: Community Content. This chapter provides describes existing and proposed community facilities general background on the community and its people. and services in the city. This chapter also summarizes Chapter 5: Land Use. In order to realize the Vision the key issues and opportunities relating to for the future of Elk River, this chapter sets the intergovernmental cooperation and it provides a plan foundation and guides the use of land. The Land for joint efforts in the future. Use chapter considers broad community patterns Chapter 11: Environmental Resources. Elk River is and questions such as how much growth should be blessed with a variety of natural and environmental anticipated and accommodated and where should the resources. This chapter examines their impact growth occur. It also contemplates how land uses and importance to the future development of the relate to each other and to the natural environment. community. Chapter 6: Transportation. This chapter provides Chapter 12: Community Development. This chapter an inventory and analysis of the regional and local of the Plan discusses roles and initiatives for the City transportation system and it provides a plan to to take in attempting to meet specific development and address transportation issue and opportunities. redevelopment needs of the community. Chapter 7.Housing. While many aspects of housing Chapter 13: Community Image. This chapter development will be controlled by market forces, explores approaches to create a consistent image for there are aspects of the Housing chapter that focus Elk River as it continues to grow, development and on the type of housing envisioned for the City of Elk redevelop, including general appearance guidelines River. These aspects include, but are not limited for the downtown area, major roadway corridors and to, affordability, housing patterns, and housing type community gateways. choices. The Housing chapter provides an inventory and analysis of existing housing conditions and it provides a plan to address housing issues and opportunities. Chapter 1: Introduction / 3 Elk River comprehensive Plan Planning Process This Comprehensive Plan updates the 2004 Comprehensive Plan for the City of Elk River, for which the City gratefully acknowledges the efforts of those who participated in the development of the 2004 Plan. Many stakeholders were involved in the development of the 2013 Comprehensive Plan Update including the following: Project Advisory Committee (PAC): The Project Advisory Committee (PAC) was made up of members of the City staff and the WSB Team. The PAC met on a bi-monthly basis throughout the - planning process to provide pertinent backgrounds information and data, review and provide , feedback on all technical memos and draft chapter language, and assisted in the development of the Comprehensive Plan. Citizen Advisory Committee (CAC): The Citizens Social Media and Community Outreach: Advisory Committee (CAC) was comprised Understanding the importance of stakeholder of a broad-based citizen group that consisted engagement and community buy-in of the Plan, of members from the City Council, Planning the City utilized a variety of social media and Commission, Parks and Recreation Commission, community outreach techniques. Heritage Preservation Commission, Energy City Project Website: The City hosted a project Commission, Economic Development Authority website which provided meeting agendas, (EDA), Housing and Redevelopment Authority draft plans and meeting minutes for public (HRA), Elk River Area Chamber of Commerce, review and comment throughout the process. Downtown Rivers Edge Business Association, and Sherburne County. The CAC met on a List Serve System: Updates and monthly basis throughout the planning process to announcements were send out using the provide direction and feedback on the visioning City's list serve system. process, draft chapter language and assist in the Newsletters: The City's newsletter was used development of the Comprehensive Plan. to communicate key stakeholder events and Community Open House: The City held two (2) the project throughout the planning process. community open houses to seek public input on Facebook Page: Announcements of the the draft Comprehensive Plan. The first open Community House and y en p opportunities house was to explain the comprehensive planning for the public to comment and engage in the process and gather feedback on issues, concerns, planning process was posted onto the City's and opportunities within the city. The second Facebook Page. open house provided up to-date Plan information including future land use plans, visions, and Cable TV: Advertisements announcing the implementation strategies. Community Open Houses and encouraging participation in the process was broadcasted • Community Education. A visioning session was using ERtV Channel 12. held with a group of students (K-5) through District 728 Community Education Edventures Club. Public Hearing and City Council Approval: Students graphically communicated what they like, The Planning Commission held a public hearing on what they don't like, and what they want in the , 2014 and recommended approval of City of Elk River. the Comprehensive Plan. On 2014 the City Council approved and formally adopted the Comprehensive Plan. 4 / Chapter 1: Introduction Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY -a M MMOq N n CD O T C M Importance of a Vision According to an old story, two stonecutters were asked what they were doing. The first said, "I'm cutting this stone into blocks." The second replied, "I'm on a team that is building a cathedral." This story as first told in the City's 2004 Comprehensive Plan illustrates the role of a vision in managing the growth and development. Without this vision, development management works much like the first stonecutter with new pieces added without a clear picture of what is being built. The comprehensive planning process is a tool used to guide the future growth and development of Elk River. The cornerstone of this process is the Vision Statement, which provides the larger picture of the "cathedral" that Elk River seeks to become by offering a broad and enduring view of Elk River. Each development or redevelopment must help to build that vision, not just fit cleanly with the next "stone block." Chapter 2: A Vision for Elk River / 5 Elk River c..Pi&,,,,,,Pi. Furthermore, the Vision serves several purposes including: The Vision serves as a tool for evaluating The Vision provides an anchor in times of conflict proposals, projects, ideas and new directions. How and change — a way of finding common ground and does this action fit with the Vision? shared values. Creating a Vision Statement allows a shared The Vision encourages imagination, recognizing that understanding of community desires for the future. the direction it sets can be the reality of the future. The Vision encourages the community to consider The Vision creates energy and enthusiasm for the future, even a future that is twenty years maintaining the commitment to the Comprehensive distant. Plan. Overarching Vision Statement Elk River's Vision Statement, as expressed below, and adopted in 2010, captures the "big-picture" aspirations of the City. Specific visions for each of the elements of the Comprehensive Plan are provided in each of the other chapters of this Plan, along with specific goals and objectives on how to attain those visions. Elk River Vision Statement "t Abounding in natural beauty, Elk River is a vibrant, historic rivertown that promotes an active lifestyle in an innovative and involved community offering unlimited opportunities. Furthermore, the future of Elk River consists of several themes, including: 1. Maintain a distinct identity for Elk River Elk River will keep an identity and character all its own. Natural, cultural and historical resources of the community are essential ingredients of Elk River's identity. Elk River seeks to grow in a manner that preserves the qualities of its "small town" heritage, including providing community space, maintaining and creating connectivity throughout the city, providing opportunities for social connection and interaction, and having destination locations such as downtown. 2. Create and Maintain strong neighborhoods Neighborhoods are the basic building blocks of Elk River and are the reason people stay in Elk River. Residential development is judged on both aesthetics and function. Commercial corridors are the most visible aspect of our community and shape our views and attitudes about the community. 3. Keep Elk River a "safe" place Elk River is a place where people feel comfortable and secure. Traffic safety is an important factor in all aspects of community development. A system of streets, sidewalks and trails encourages safe and convenient movement throughout the City. Elk River is accessible for all people. Municipal services (police, fire, water treatment) create both the perception and reality of safety. 6 / Chapter 2: A Vision for Elk River Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY V ' 4. Preserve and maintain the environment Elk River seeks to promote clean air and water in the management, development, and delivery of municipal services. Development must be served by well maintained and reliable infrastructure. Development seeks to incorporate and blend the built and natural environments. As Energy City, Elk River seeks to promote sustainable and energy efficient forms of development. 5. Make Elk River a complete place Community and economic development policies will seek to attract employment opportunities and goods and services needed by the community. The expansion of local employment creates more opportunities for people to live and work in Elk River. Planning and decision-making must recognize that the population of Elk River is not a single commodity. Differences in age, economic status and ethnicity must be considered in planning for future development, facilities and services. Recreational and cultural opportunities are vital elements of a complete place and the strength of the Elk River Brand. A quality education system attracts and keeps people in Elk River. 6. Work to achieve the vision Everyone shares responsibility for achieving the vision. It is not the sole responsibility of city government. The City will seek collaborative efforts with other partners who have shared interests in achieving this vision. All Chapters and aspects of this Comprehensive Plan work to achieve the Vision and the themes for Elk River. Chapter 2: A Vision for Elk River / 7 Elk River c..Piehensive Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 8 / Chapter 2: A Vision for Elk River . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River -a _ w _ D J , c� Introduction This Comprehensive Plan sets a vision of what Elk River will look and feel like in thirty years. The Comprehensive Plan is one of the most important tools for guiding the development and redevelopment in ;. Elk River. The plans, policies, and implementation strategies outlined within can only help achieve the community's overarching vision for the future if the Plan is actively followed and used. The City, its residents, property owners and business owners must take specific actions if the City is to realize the full value of this Plan. While each chapter A I within this Plan offer additional implementation actions specific to each component, the purpose of this Chapter is to provide guidance on using the Plan. r Chapter 3: Using the Plan / 9 Elk River comprehensive Plan ! Holistic Approach An overarching principle of this Plan is to consider economic, social and environmental issues and opportunities simultaneously. In addition, each chapter within this Plan is integrated and qconnected to other chapters. Therefore, the successful F implementation of this Plan requires that the City Council, Boards City of and Commissions, City Staff and others consider this Plan as a whole when making decisions. This balanced approach will ver ensure that Elk River makes informed decisions that will help the ` City meet its overarching vision of a "vibrant, historic rivertown that promotes an active lifestyle in an innovative and involved �d community offering unlimited opportunities." Initiatives A Comprehensive Plan is a general plan that can provide the framework for more detailed plans relating to a special topic or special area in the city. The following provides, a summary of key initiatives that are important steps in moving Elk River towards its vision for the future. Capita/Improvement Plan (CIP) The Comprehensive Plan is a guide for public action. In many cases, these actions lead to public investments in infrastructure and facilities. Planning for these investments must include a financial element. The City's capital improvement plan (CIP) matches the estimated project costs over a five-year period with funding sources, allowing the City to prioritize projects and make the best use of available revenues. By looking at future needs, the City is better able to find funding sources to fill gaps and to coordinate projects with other jurisdictions. The City adopted its first financial management plan, Key Financial Strategies for Elk River, in 2002. Since then the City has prepared a five-year CIP annually. Future capital improvement plans should continue to be coordinated with the Comprehensive Plan. Sanitary Sewer Capacity In 2013 the City underwent a study and investigation of the sanitary sewer system capacity. Sewer capacity (or the lack thereof) influences the type and intensity (density) of development and private and public costs of these improvements also influence development in this area. While the study completed in 2013 addresses many of the questions pertaining to capacity gained through expansion of the wastewater treatment plant and the financial implications of making these improvements, continued study and analysis of the future sanitary sewer system will be critical for future planning efforts, particularly those areas in the northern half of the City currently outside of the municipal urban service area. 10 / Chapter 3: Using the Plan . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver Street System The City's Transportation Plan and Chapter 6: Transportation provide a long-term framework for managing the local street system. This initiative focuses on specific steps that work to achieve the objectives of these plans. Establish Key Street Corridors Which streets should be part of the City's state Both the Comprehensive Plan and the City's aid system and eligible for funding with municipal adopted Transportation Plan discuss broad locations state aid for streets? for expansion of the street system. A key to Are other sources of local revenue available to understanding these improvements will be identifying support this initiative? and maintaining the routes of these key street How can the City most effectively leverage funding corridors. This initiative should involve preliminary from the County and State? engineering and transportation planning analysis to evaluate the physical factors that affect routing. While A key strategy to understand existing conditions and several studies have been completed over the past what future improvements are needed would be to several years, further analysis is needed to proactively complete a pavement rating and program management plan for future routing of streets. This is important exercise to rate all of the City's existing street because: network. This will inform the City of where we are A designated route allows the city to protect the and where we need to be in the future in terms of our corridor from land use conflicts. Without the existing street network. routing plan, the City has no means of keeping development out of the potential right-of-way for the street. Encroaching development increases the Interchange Area Planning complexity and cost of the street projects. While the actual improvement of highway corridors • A designated route gives the City the means of may lie years into the future, the City benefits from incorporating these streets in future plats. the continuing proactive approach to planning for the interchange areas. The location and design of This information provides better coordination of intersections with Highway 169 and Highway 10 roadway planning with overlapping agencies such have significant implications for land use, economic as MnDOT, Sherburne County and Anoka County. development, and transportation planning. One way of achieving clarity is the creation of The nature of highway access influences adjacent an "official map." An official map is one tool for land uses. The conversion from intersections to protecting street corridors. It shows existing and interchanges or underpasses will change traffic proposed future streets, roads, and highways of movements, may require removal of existing buildings, the City and County, the area needed for widening and may create a catalyst for new development or existing streets, roads, and highways of the City redevelopment. Intersections and interchanges will and County, and existing and future county state aid also become focal points for automobile traffic. The highways and state trunk highway rights-of-way. The local street system must be designed to support traffic statutory authority for the official map comes from volumes and movement patterns. Likewise, the closure Minnesota Statutes Section §462.359. of current intersections would alter the movement patterns within the City and would alter development Undertake Financial Planning opportunities and patterns at these locations. On-going capital improvement planning is critical in the success of future street improvement projects. A proactive approach provides the City with a basis With limited sources of funding, it is particularly for working with MnDOT on planning for highway important to create financially sustainable street improvements. The alternative places the City in a improvement plans. Among the financial issues to position of reacting to State proposed designs. consider in this planning are: Chapter 3: Using the Plan / 11 Elk River comprehensive Plan Greenways and Open Spaces The Comprehensive Plan proposes to establish a greenway system throughout Elk River. The implementation of this concept is not a single action. It involves commitment to the concept and incremental steps to building this system. Much like assembling a jigsaw puzzle, individual pieces are added within the framework of a broader plan. L Identify Key Properties The City's Parks, Trails, and Open Space Plan currently underway will show potential greenway and open space patterns based on existing data. A Natural _ Resource Inventory (NRI) was completed in 2004 by the City which identified key natural areas in Elk River including wetlands, prairies, swamps, marshes, forested areas, and critical habitats. This information should continue to be utilized and incorporated into the review of future development and redevelopment applications. Establish a Finance Plan Limited financial resources will play a role in undertaking this initiative of maintaining and obtaining greenways within the City. Some potential funding strategies include, but are not limited to: Allowing a landowner to place a desired preservation area in an easement that is recorded on the deed to prohibit development of that land area. In return the landowner would receive some property tax relief. As appropriate, these areas should include a trail easement to allow public access and links with other areas. Encouraging property owners to donate property to the City for long-term preservation through the greenway and open space system. Using density bonuses as an incentive for additional land dedication. A developer can offset the loss of dedicated lands with the ability to building additional housing units or cluster the homes. The City's Open Space Preservation Plat regulations provide a model for the implementation of this strategy. The City can also grant the ability to add additional lots if certain criteria are met. Allowing additional units or smaller minimum lots might also be options for sewered subdivisions and zoning districts. This approach requires specific criteria for obtaining the bonus and limits on maximum changes in density. The greenway initiative promotes a reevaluation of the overall park dedication regulations, allowing the City to discuss the role of the park dedication, and to develop plans to ensure implementation of overall park open space needs. Shifting park dedication resources to greenways will reduce funds for other elements of the park system. Parks and greenways will compete with other services and facilities for property taxes. Some communities have sought voter approval to issue bonds to finance park and open space initiatives. 12 / Chapter 3: Using the Plan Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY d Promote Housing Maintenance and Revitalization The residential neighborhoods in the Mississippi Connections Area contain some of the oldest homes in Elk River. Housing in this area helps to provide more affordable housing options. Creating tools for maintaining and revitalizing the housing stock is an important part of the Mississippi Connections initiative. Distinct edges between single-family residential neighborhoods and commercial districts should be defined and maintained because residential and commercial uses typically have different objectives for the use of property. Commercial properties need signs to attract customers, and successful businesses create traffic and require parking. None of these conditions fit the objectives for a single-family neighborhood. Edges and buffers can allow residential and commercial uses to coexist. Without this approach, commercial uses may erode the edges of neighborhoods, and may discourage maintenance of the existing housing stock. The success of the City in preserving the Mississippi Connections Area identity will play a role in maintaining the housing stock because establishing a desirable place to live will attract homeowners and encourage investment. Property owners will then be able to capture monies used for home improvements at the time of resale. Some potential public actions related to housing in the Mississippi Connections Area could include: Incentives to encourage home ownership. Financial assistance for home improvements. Regulations to prohibit undesirable activities and land uses. Chapter 3: Using the Plan / 13 Elk River Comprer. Flt MW JqK- J 4 Y 1 +L _ r fy[ Intergovernmental Collaboration The vision for the future of Elk River cannot be achieved without the cooperation and collaboration of other units of government and overlapping agencies. Strong working relationships and collaborative solutions are essential to the success of this Plan. Some of the key governmental elements of the Plan include, but are not limited to: r Annexation. Continued discussions with adjacent communities should occur relating to opportunities for future annexation. Further planning and disscussions are necessary to ensure adequate services are available. _ Land Use. While a large portion of the City is undeveloped (due to limitations relating to the municipal utility system), there are areas where Elk River and neighboring and overlapping jurisdictions should coordinate on land use issues including future extension of utilities to the outer boundaries of the City, the coordination of the final plans for the Landfill area when final grade has been achieved within the next 15-20 years, and the Highway 10 and 169 corridor areas as they develop over the next several decades. Partnerships with surrounding communities, the County and MnDOT will be needed moving forward. Community Facilities and Services. Continued partnerships should be maintained as it relates to the community facilities, in particular with the Independent School District 728 and the various athletic associations on various recreation facilities and programs, community education, celebrations and events, and similar issues and opportunities. The City should also coordinate with ISD 728 if plans are made in the future for expansion of existing, or the development of new, facilities. The City should also continue to explore opportunities to work with other communities on joint or shared services where appropriate. Parks, Trails, and Open Space. The City of Elk River and neighboring communities should continue to coordinate on providing trail connections between communities. Coordination on connecting greenways and open spaces between the communities should also be considered. Housing. Elk River and the surrounding communities should collaborate on housing issues and opportunities so that regional housing needs are met. 14 / Chapter 3: Using the Plan . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver Economic Development. Elk River's economy is tied to the regional economy to some extent. In fact, most of Elk River's labor force commutes to a job in another community outside of the City. Consequently, Elk River should coordinate with other jurisdictions to ensure that the regional economy is healthy. Transportation. The transportation system involves many - jurisdictions — some of which have goals, objectives and resources that differ from those of the City, but nonetheless transportation must work as a cohesive system. It is critical that Elk River and pertinent neighboring and overlapping jurisdictions coordinate _I on transportation issues. Key areas where intergovernmental collaboration is necessary include: Highway 10 corridor improvements and enhancements; Highway 169 corridor improvements and enhancements; Pedestrian and bicycling crossings; Truck traffic issues associated with aggregate and sand mining areas, plants and the landfill; Railroad at-grade crossing areas; Continued future planning with the Northstar Commuter Rail; Potential road turn-back candidates; and Public transit. Utilities. Elk River and its neighboring communities have coordinated and should continue to coordinate on water supply, sanitary sewer, and electrical supply issues. In particular, Elk River and pertinent neighboring communities should continue to review and adjust joint powers agreements relating to shared services. Elk River and neighboring communities should also coordinate on Elk River's plans to extend utilities to the outer boundaries of the City. Surface Water Management. Surface water is not constrained by political boundaries. The way Elk River handles its surface water affects the surface water in neighboring communities. Likewise, Elk River's surface water is affected by neighboring communities. Consequently, it is important that all jurisdictions have a shared vision and approach to handling surface water management. Elk River and neighboring communities should continue to coordinate with Sherburne County, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and others. _ Small Area Studies � As the mining activities cease and municipal utilities get extended beyond the current utility boundary limits, further study and analysis i will be necessary. In particular, the area surrounding the Highway -- 169 corridor north to the City limits, and the area at the intersection ® of Highway 169 and County Road 33 will be of particular interest. A study on land use and needed public improvements will be necessary. While planning for these areas may be several years away, further analysis and study of these corridors is vital to the success of the area long term. Chapter 3: Using the Plan / 15 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Implementation Implementation Tools There are many tools that the City can and should use to help implement this Plan, including, but not limited to, awareness and education, incentives, and public-private partnerships. Perhaps one of the most important implementation tools includes the City's ordinance and regulations. The following provides an overview of the updates the City will need to make to its land use controls to be consistent with this Plan. Zoning and Related Ordinances The City has adopted zoning regulations for the purpose of carrying out the policies and goals of the land use plan element of the Comprehensive Plan. The application of zoning districts and the specific regulations must support the objectives of the Comprehensive Plan. As a result, an outcome of adopting the Plan will be the review and modification of the Zoning Ordinances as necessary. The land use plan provides the basis for guiding zoning decisions that will be made by _ the City and private property owners. Minnesota Statutes Section 462.356 states that the planning agency shall study and propose to the governing body reasonable and practical means for putting the plan or section of the plan into effect. Subject to the I—. limitations of the following sections, such means include, but not limited to, zoning { f regulations, for the subdivision of land, an official map....." This statute anticipates that the zoning regulations will be reviewed and updated to ensure implementation of the land use plan. In a broad sense, this review of the zoning ordinance should examine the following items: The regulations for each zoning district should be reviewed to determine if they fit with the intent of the Comprehensive Plan. Zoning districts should be examined in relationship to land use designation. Changes in zoning districts will be needed to match zoning with land use. The City will need to thoroughly review and update its Ordinances to address inconsistencies and conflicts to integrate the concepts described in this Comprehensive Plan. Updating the Zoning Ordinance will be a large undertaking that will require significant input, time and energy. One of the policy decisions the City will need to make is how to implement the land use plan through the zoning map. Unlike the Metropolitan Land Planning Act (Minnesota Statutes Section 473), which requires consistency between the land use plan and zoning in cities within the Twin Cities metropolitan area, Elk River may choose to take a number of implementation strategies. Elk River has historically chosen to have zoning consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. Each has varying implications for existing property uses and the current zoning. The strategies include, but are not limited to, the following: Keep current zoning in place until such time as the use terminates or redevelopment is initiated. Rezone property to a zoning district compatible with a land use plan category. Develop an interim strategy to address current use situations as they relate to long term objectives. 16 / Chapter 3: Using the Plan . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Nonconforming Uses Changes in zoning districts will create nonconforming uses. Such uses occur when the existing land use is not allowed within the zoning district. In most cases, when these situations arise as the result of a new or amended Comprehensive Plan, the goal is not to influence an immediate change in the property use. Instead, the objective is to guide future investment to achieve the outcomes desired by the Comprehensive Plan. Nonconforming uses are controlled by the City's Zoning Ordinance. A review of the overall Zoning Ordinance will provide the context for an evaluation of the nonconforming provision of the Ordinance. This evaluation, in turn, may point to Ordinance changes that will assist in the reasonable transition of nonconforming land uses. Subdivision Regulations Changes to the Subdivision Regulations are not required for the immediate adoption of the Plan. The Plan does raise a series of potential changes in subdivision regulations that should be considered by the City over the next several years. Continue to consider amending the data required for Preliminary and Final Plat application to include the Resource Inventory required for Open Space Preservation Plats; Consider whether to alter subdivision design standards to achieve more affordable housing without sacrificing the sustainability of neighborhoods. Continue to study and make modifications as necessary to the park dedication requirements to enhance the ability to undertake the greenway plan. r� Building Codes ., As conditions warrant, the City should coordinate with others to explore opportunities to facilitate the City's progress toward sustainable development by updating the City's adopted Building Code to address "green" building techniques. F Amending the Plan The Comprehensive Plan anticipates change in Elk River over the next several decades. Develpoment must occur in a manner consistent with the Comprehensive Plan and Zoning Ordinances. If a proposed development is inconsistent with the Comprehensive Plan, the City must evaluate whether or not it should amend the Comprehensive Plan (and likely the Zoning Ordinances) to allow the development to occur. A great deal of thought, time and energy went into this Plan, and the same effort must go into any amendment. Amendments to the Comprehensive Plan may take several forms: Changes to the Land Use Plan map or categories of the Land Use element; Changes in other elements of the Plan; Plans and other studies that become part of the Comprehensive Plan (e.g. Mississippi Connections Redevelopment Plan and the FAST Study); Updating of entire sections of the Plan as needed; or Revisions related to major geographic or demographic sections of the community. Chapter 3: Using the Plan / 17 Elk River C.prehensve Plan II � >5"4 e Ow Amendments to the Plan may originate from the City Council, Boards and Commissions, or another party with a vested interest in an effected property. Adoption of amendments, however, can only be accomplished by City Council resolution. Measurements of Progress The City should periodically review its progress on implementing the Comprehensive Plan. The City could also consider developing a set of indicators to help measure the progress of the Plan. City staff, the Planning Commission, City Council and other Boards should periodically review progress on this Plan and make adjustments accordingly. In adopting this Plan, the City of Elk River makes a commitment to use the Plan as a means of evaluating a variety of private and public projects. This evaluation requires using a series of questions to consider the merits of the project: Is the project consistent with the land use plan? Does the project move Elk River towards its vision for the future? Is the project consistent with the policies contained in the Plan? A negative answer to one or more of these questions may illustrate flaws in the proposed project. These flaws may be fundamental and require denial of the project, but modifications to the project that bring it into compliance with the Plan may be possible. Negative answers to the questions listed above might, however, point to a need to amend the Plan. In such circumstances in which a noncompliant project underscores a potential flaw in the Plan, then an effort to properly amend the plan should be initiated. Not following the Plan in order to allow projects to move forward will eventually render the Comprehensive Plan useless. 18 / Chapter 3: Using the Plan Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY v l I 1 V p ■ • D e Introduction This Chapter analyzes the City of Elk River's population and demographic dynamics, including an examination of the City's _- ! future population composition. It provides baseline data and future projections of basic demographic elements including population, housing and employment. The information contained in this Chapter is intended to inform residents, city staff and city officials of the current demographic conditions and their potential impact on future land use and infrastructure. This historical data is provided to offer a glimpse of past trends and the possible implications of those trends as Elk River continues to evolve and change to meet new challenges based on changing circumstances. Chapter 4: Community Context / 19 Elk River Comprehensive Plan 1i Geographic Setting r �1 Elk River is situated at the confluence of the Mississippi and Elk Rivers in Sherburne County, roughly 34 miles northwest of downtown Minneapolis. It is bordered by rL '- the City of Ramsey to the east, the City of Otsego to the south, Big Lake Township to the west, and Livonia Township to the north. U.S. Highways 10 and 169 and Elk River State Highway 101 are the three main arterial routes. Elk River has a station on the Jr � � Northstar Commuter Rail line to downtown Minneapolis. p Elk River Past, Present and Future A Comprehensive Plan forms a bridge between the In addition to the railroad, farming played an city's past and the city's future. The Plan as a tool important role in the development of Elk River. The for managing and directing future actions naturally original claim of the City's most famous farmer, looks forward, but building the future occurs within the Oliver Kelley, dates to 1850. By 1860, there context of Elk River's past because the city's history were 110 recorded farms in Sherburne County. and heritage are important parts of community identity. This number grew to a peak of 1,190 in 1910. Failure to recognize and build upon Elk River's heritage Agriculture in the area included grain crops, potatoes, risks losing the community's identity — making Elk and dairy cattle. River just like any other place. The current City of Elk River covers 44 square miles. As the name suggests, Elk River's roots lie in the The largest area of the city was added in 1978 by river. The first dam was built in 1851 and led to the the merging of Elk River Township. This expansion construction of mills, making the river the catalyst for of Elk River provided the capacity for recent commerce in the area. Initial development included development. a flour mill and a saw mill. The community was originally platted shortly thereafter in 1855, as the This Comprehensive Plan is about planning for the town of Orono. This original plat covered an area of future of Elk River. It's about making choices on how approximately 14 square blocks. to address significant issues that the community is currently facing or will be facing in the coming years. Then, in 1864, the St. Paul and Pacific Railroad line Issues like rising energy costs, increased traffic reached Elk River, which drew development further to congestion, and changing demographics. Moreover, the east. The town of EII< River was platted in 1865 this Plan is about guiding change in a positive way. with the development pattern of the town oriented to the rail line and the depot. Rail service spurred the development of a variety of businesses in Elk River. In 1880-1881, the town sites of Elk River and Orono were combined and incorporated. y. A- 20 / Chapter 4: Community Context . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver Population Population projections are effective planning tools when used correctly. However, their accuracy is subject to several factors including assumptions for birth rates, death rates, migration, and economic conditions. Assumptions are based on past trends and the best information available at the time, but assumptions do not always remain true, and unexpected changes can occur. Therefore, Elk River should use population projections presented in this Comprehensive Plan as a general guide and not as an absolute certainty. Moreover, the City should periodically review and update the population projections based on new conditions. Over the past 30 years, the City of Elk River experienced significant change in population. In 1980, Elk River was home to 6,785 people, nearly tripling in size from 1970 (2,252 people). By 2000, the population grew to 16,447, and in 2010 the U.S. Census documented a population of 22,974. Refer to Table 4-A: Population Change: 1980-2010 for additional information. Table 4-A: Population Change: 1980-2010 1980 Change 1990 Change 2000 Change 2010 Change Place Population 1970-1980 Population 1980-1990 Population 1990-2000 Population 2000-2010 City of Elk River 6,785 201% 11,143 64% 16,447 48% 22,974 40% City of 4769 213% 5219 9% 6,389 22% 13,571 112% Otsego Big Lake 2697 37% 4452 65% 6,785 52% 7,386 9% Township City of Big 2210 118% 3113 0 0 0 Lake 41 /0 6,389 105/0 10,060 57.50/o Livonia n/a n/a n/a n/a 3,917 51% 5,951 51.90% Township City of n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,851 83% 5,228 83.30% Zimmerman Sherburne 29908 63% 41945 40% 64,417 54% 88,499 37.40% County State of 4,075,907 7% 4,375,099 7.10% 4,919,479 7.30% 5,303,925 12.40% Minnesota Source: U.S. Census Chart 4-I: Population Change 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 ■Population 2,252 6,785 11,143 16,447 22,974 Source: US Census Chapter 4: Community Context / 21 Elk River comprehensive Plan In 2006 the Minnesota State Demographer's Office projected a population of 46,638 for the City of Elk River by 2035. While the City anticipates more growth, it is recognized that the City desires to preserve its character and that the utility system has limitations. As such, Elk River anticipates a total population of 34,890 by 2035. The following projections were made using a growth rate of 615 people per year, which is based on the average building permits over the past fifteen years and a _ household size of three people per household. Population Estimates and Projections Table 4-B: Forecasted Population Change: 2015-2035 Place 2015 Change 2020 Change 2030 Change 2035 Change Population 2010-2015 2010-2020 2020-2030 2030-2035 City of Elk 23,172 1% 26,600 16% 31,960 20% 34,890 26% River City of 17,498 29% 20,402 50% 25,473 25% 27,673 9% Otsego Big Lake 10,456 42% 11,658 58% 13,806 18% 14,857 8% Township City of Big 13,581 35% 15,686 56% 19,503 24% 21,370 10% La ke Livonia 8,137 37% 9,318 57% 11,454 23% 12,498 9% Township City of 7,380 41 % 8,595 64% 10,802 26% 1 1,881 10% Zimmerman Sherburne 119,040 35% 134,390 52% 161,990 21 % 175,410 8% County State of N/A N/A 5,772,258 9% 6,182,306 7% N/A N!A Minnesota Source:Minnesota State Demographer,WSB and City of Elk River (Building Permit Data and Household Size Projections) J Y i� 22 / Chapter 4: Community Context . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Pi. River Q Q Household Characteristics In 2010, the U.S. Census reported 8,023 households in Elk River and 5,946 families. A household refers to all persons who occupy a housing unit. A household could involve a family Chart 4-2: Average Persons Per Household living in a house or it could involve unrelated people sharing an apartment. A family refers to a 3.4 parent or grandparent living with at least one child. 3.2 In Elk River, most families are comprised of married 3 couples with children. Yet, in the future, it is likely that the percentage of married couples without a 2'8 children living with them will increase. The 2.6 percentage of single parent households will also 2.4 increase. 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 ■Year 3.19 3.16 2.93 2.85 2.79 The average household size in Elk River in 2010 was 2.79 persons, which was down from 2.85 in 2000. Source: US Census Building Permits Building permit data provides insights on the form and pace of development. Elk River experienced consistent growth in new housing from 1996 to 2004, yet with the recent economy experienced a slow growth period. Chart 4-3: Building Permits 1996-2012 600 500 EA t 400 w a w C 300 w E 200 Z 100 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ■Building Permits 235 220 226 204 256 198 252 542 546 344 250 113 24 20 15 10 36 Source: City of Elk River Chapter 4: Community Context / 23 ;s d . T d It 1 !. 'If fe, I v The value of residential housing in Elk River is also increasing, as the Table 4-C: Residential Property Valuation 2000-2010 median value of residential property Value of Residential Property 2000 Number 2010 Number increased from 2000 to 2010, as Less than $50,000 9 100 shown to the right. $50,000 to $99,999 475 262 $100,000 to $149,999 1,683 647 $150,000 to $199,999 1,181 1,578 $200,000 to $299,999 482 2,282 $300,000 to $499,999 43 1,430 $500,000 to $999,999 - 128 $1,000,000 or more 8 23 Median (dollars) 144,800 225,400 Source: US Census 24 / Chapter 4: Community Context . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Key Demographic Trends Q In addition to knowing how many people live and will likely live in Elk River, understanding the key characteristics of the people, such as their age, education and employment status can aid the City in planning for and providing necessary and desired services for all of its residents. Age Composition The population of Elk River is growing older as the median age is increasing from 28.2 in 1970 to 34.4 in 2010. The rate of median age change in the community has slowed, with the rates from 1990-2010 changing by one percent or less each year. In 2010 the 35-44 age category was the largest in Elk River, and the second largest between ages 25-34. This reflects a trend of younger households in the community, which will desire quality housing, schools, recreational opportunities, and public services. Over the next 30 to 40 years this age group will be aging and consequently requiring require senior housing options to remain in the community. Alternatively, older populations may move out of the community leaving housing stock open for younger families to move in. Either scenario the City of Elk River will need to assess the community amenities and infrastructure to accommodate specific needs of major demographic shifts. Chart 4-4: Age Composition 4,000 3,500 3,000 c 2,500 2,000 0 1,500 a 1,000 500 10 to 15 to 20 to 25 to 35 to 45 to 65 to 75 and 5 Under 5 to 9 14 19 24 34 44 54 55-64 74 over ■ 1980 608 683 660 708 509 1,150 927 596 385 270 289 ■ 1990 1,032 1,080 977 875 759 2,149 1,816 1,086 559 404 406 ■2000 1,375 1,436 1,476 1,297 957 21461 3,117 1,963 1,049 663 653 ■2010 2,140 1,937 1,739 1,377 1,381 3,125 3,755 2,991 2,263 1,357 725 Source: U.S. Census Comparison Profile Chapter 4: Community Context / 25 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Chart 4-5: Median Age 40 35 30 • 25 en 20 . 15 10 5 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Median Age 28.2 30.7 33.1 34.5 34.4 " Source: U.S. Census Table 4-D: Race and Origin 2010 Race 2010 Elk River Sherburne County Minnesota White 91% 92% 83% Hispanic or Latino 3% 2% 5% Black or African American 2% 2% 5% Asian 2% 1.2% 4% Two or More Races 2% 1.6% 2% American Indian and Alaska 0.4% 0.5% 1% Native 0.4 2% 2%2 White 3% Hispanic or Latino ■Black or African American ■Asian Two or More Races 91% ■American Indian and Alaska Native Source: U.S. Census 26 / Chapter 4: Community Context Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY Educational Attainment — The US Census reports that approximately 94 percent of the population attained a high - school degree or its equivalent, and roughly _ 42 percent of the population completed an Associate's degree, Bachelor's, or I graduate/professional degree. Compared to Sherburne County and the State of Minnesota, Elk River has higher percentages of high school graduates. Compared to Sherburne County, the City has a higher percentage of persons over the age of 24 who hold bachelor's degrees or higher levels of education; and compared to the state has a lower percentage of persons who hold advanced degrees. Table 4-E: Educational Attainment - 2010 Educational Attainment Elk River Sherburne County Minnesota High school graduate or higher 94% 92% 91% Bachelor's degree or higher 29% 24% 31% Graduate or Less 9th to 12th professional than 9t grade, no degree grade diploma High school g% 2% 4% graduate (includes equivalency) Bachelor's 26% degree 22% Associate's degree Some college, 12% no degree 26% Source: US Census Chapter 4: Community Context / 27 Elk River Comp ehensive Plan Employment and Income In 2010, Elk River's unemployment rate (5.5%) was slightly higher than the state average (4.9%), and slightly higher than Sherburne County (5.3%). Elk River's median household income was higher than that of Sherburne County, and higher than the State of Minnesota. The poverty level of Elk River was lower than Sherburne County and the State of Minnesota. (See Table 4-F for general employment and income characteristics). Table 4-F: General Employment and Income 2010 Employment Industry- Characteristics - 2010 Elk River Characteristics Elk River Sherburne Minnesota County In Labor Force 75.6% 74.3% 70.9% 13% ........................................... ................. . . .. . ......... . ............... Employed in Labor Force 70.1% 69.0% 65.9% ........................................... ................. .................. ................. Unemployed In Labor Force 5.5% 5.3% 4.9% 9% 37% Not In Labor Force 24.4% 27.3% 29.1% Median household income $70,224 $71,819 $58,476 Persons below poverty level 7.1% 8.0% 11.0% 26% It is anticipated that the employment in Elk River will steadily 15% increase, at least through the year 2035. This employment forecast is based on several assumptions involving anticipated population changes, regional employment opportunities, ■Management, business, science, unemployment, self-employment, multiple job holding, and net and arts occupations in-commuting. Service occupations Chart 4-6: Income Levels 2010 Sales and office occupations $90,000 ■Elk River — $80,000 State — ■Natural resources, construction, $70,000 and maintenance occupations $60,000 Production,transportation, and $50,000 material moving occupations $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 $0 Median Median Family Per Capita Household 28 / Chapter 4: Community Context Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY � r Summary of Demographic Trends Affecting Elk River The number of people living in Elk River will grow at a fairly consistent rate until 2035. However, the percentage of residents over the age of 65 will continue to increase, which has ramifications for the types of housing and community facilities and services that Elk River will need to provide its residents. In a related matter, the average household size will continue to decrease over the years, meaning that Elk River will need to provide additional housing units both to accommodate the projected future population and maintaining its current population. As the population continues to grow, planning for a diversified population will be instrumental to providing for all within the community. Employment opportunities in Elk River are expected to gradually increase and opportunities for development and redevelopment will be critical to providing for these opportunities. Chapter 4: Community Context / 29 Elk River c..Piehensive Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 30 / Chapter 4: Community Context Elk Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan ;JAI,R1VeY I Introduction The Land Use Chapter describes existing land use patterns and provides an overview of how the city desires land will be used and developed in the future. It seeks to accommodate desired growth while reinforcing the preferred qualities of the community. The Land Use Plan guides city staff, the Planning Commission, the City Council, property owners, developers and other interested parties in decisions relating to the type, location and density of future development in the community. It also serves as the foundation for updating the City's Zoning Ordinances, Zoning Map, Subdivision Regulations and other implementation tools. Implementation of the Land Use Plan produces several important implications: Uses. Every parcel is placed into a specific land use category. Each category includes a description of the type of land use intended for that category. This description should match with the types and forms of development currently found in Elk River and desired for the future. Relationships. Much like a jigsaw puzzle, the true picture comes from how each piece fits together into a whole. The Land Use Plan guides how elements of the built and natural environment come together in Elk River. These relationships will characterize the look, function, and feel of Elk River. Actions. The Land Use Plan sets the framework for public actions and investments. Utilities, streets, parks, and facilities are all influenced by the form and pace of development. Chapter 5: Land Use / 31 Elk River Comprehensive Pi. Inventory and Analysis Existing Land Use Characteristics Figure 5-1: Existing Land Use shows the location and types of existing land uses in the City of Elk River as of 2013. The inventory as conducted as part of this planning process reflects general development patterns and is intended for general planning purposes only. The land use categories shown in the figure are further defined as follows: Rural Residential Highway Business Rural Residential includes land currently developed for Outside of the Central Business District, the majority residential use in areas outside of the Urban Service of commercial land uses are placed into this category. Area that are not currently served by municipal sewer The uses range from commercial areas that are and water. The predominant land use in this area is occupied by professional trades (such as finance, single family detached homes. Included among the insurance, and real estate) to more intense commercial detached single family homes are single family "cluster activities requiring highway orientation for access subdivisions." Cluster subdivisions are development and visibility. Approximately 342 acres or 1.3% of patterns that place housing closer together in order to Elk River is located in the Highway Business land use preserve greater areas of undeveloped or natural land category. and to minimize the number of individual on-site septic systems. In 2013 Rural Residential comprised of roughly Community Commercial 3,363 acres or 13.0% of the City. Community Commercial land use makes up 21 acres or 0.1% of Elk River and focuses on community retail Urban Residential development that are often service and convenience Urban Residential land use makes up 2,537 acres or 9.8% oriented. Community Commercial refers to smaller, of the City and includes land for residential use in areas neighborhood-oriented commercial uses. Although that are currently served by municipal sanitary sewer limited use of the Community Commercial designation system. Urban Residential land uses include single family exists in Elk River, these areas typically appear as detached housing and attached housing in the form of small pockets of retail development along the highway duplexes and townhomes. corridors. High Density Residential Industrial The Industrial land use includes all forms of businesses High Density Residential land use consists of forms of multi- with manufacturing, distribution, warehousing or family attached housing units such as apartment buildings other industrial use and is commonly referred to as and condominiums. In 2013, roughly 94 acres or 0.4% of "Light Industrial", "Medium Industrial" or "General Elk River was classified as high density residential use. Industrial." The majority of Elk River industrial development is classified as "Light Industrial". The Central Business District (Commercial) Cretex property and an area in the southeastern The Central Business District (Commercial) includes retail, portion of the City south of 165th Avenue and service and office uses in and around Downtown Elk River. along the Highway 10 corridor are classified as Roughly 70 acres or 0.3% of Elk River is classified as "Medium Industrial". Industrial land use makes up Central Business District (Commercial) land use. approximately 686 acres or 2.7% of the City. 32 / Chapter 5: Land Use . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan River Public/Semi-Public Mining Public/Semi-Public uses make up approximately 564 In 2013, the Mining use makes up 1,869 acres or acres or 2.7% of area in Elk River and refer to larger 7.2% of the City and its primary objective is to tracts of lands used for public and institutional (religious allow the current mining use of the land within this and educational) purposes. These uses include schools, category. These areas are currently being mined or City and County governmental buildings, and religious are set aside for future mining. uses. Undeveloped Open Space Undeveloped land refers to land that is in an The Open Space category contains parks and undeveloped state, but that is guided and zoned open spaces, and the City's recreation system. for future development or use. These lands may Approximately 1,812 acres or 7.0% of land in 2013 currently be used for agricultural or agricultural is allocated to the Open Space land use. Some of the research purpose, or may be vacant land awaiting existing open space involves private recreation facilities future development to occur (specifically areas (such as golf courses). currently within the MUSA boundary). Wetlands are not included in this category. In 2013, roughly 8,840 Wetlands/Open Water acres or 34.2% of Elk River consisted of vacant/ undeveloped land. The land use map includes areas identified as wetlands according to the most recent National Wetland Inventory Road Right-of-Way/Railroad as well as bodies of water in the City. This category In 2013, road right-of-ways and railroads accounted contains approximately 5,298 acres or 20.5% of Elk River. for roughly 205 acres or 0.8% of Elk River. Road right-of-way include city, county, state road right- Landfill of-ways. Refer to Chapter 6: Transportation for The Landfill area represents land operated in conjunction additional information. with the sanitary landfill and makes up approximately 137 acres or 0.5% of Elk River. High Density Residential Rural Residential Urban 0% 13% Residential Central 10% Business Wetlands District ROW/Railroad 21% 0% 1% Highway Business 1% Community Open Space Commercial Vacant/Undeveloped 7% 0% 34% Mining - 7% Industrial 3% Landfill Public/Semi- 1% Public 2% Chapter 5: Land Use / 33 Elk River C--rnp eFens e Fl- J o 8 r ss D �s n 12i O 33 oG i' � a` D y� 34 Ik o C a o �. '69 L13 . Rural Residential Medium Industrial Urban Residential Public/Semi-Public - High Density Residential Mining - Central Business District ® Landfill Community Commercial Agricultural Research l 1 - Highway Business Commercial Open Space f t to Light Industrial Undeveloped \ \ ROW&Railroad Open Water 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles b F� Figure 5-1. Existing Land Use 34 / Chapter 5: Land Use . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River ,if �Y Relationship between the 2013 Existing Land Use and 2004 Land Use Plan The 2013 Comprehensive Plan Update utilizes the 2004 Comprehensive Plan as its foundation and builds off of the amendments that have occurred since then. Although there are some differences in future land use guidance as shown in Figure 5-2, the 2013 Plan takes all planning efforts (e.g. Mississippi Connections, FAST Study, and several transportation planning efforts) and integrates them into this document for ease of use. Table 5-A: Summary of Future Land Use - 2040 Land Use Plan Gross Wetland Net The land use plan provides the Existing Land Use Acres* Acres Net Acres* Percent framework or "road map" for the of City growth and development of the City. Agricultural Research 826.41 208.28 618.13 2.7% The land use plan serves as a guide for the character and intensity of Commercial Reserve 2,651.57 57.49 2,594.07 8.8% development and will be supported Highway Business 532.30 32.96 499.34 1.8% by other land use controls and FAST 986.31 166.49 819.82 3.3% public actions taken pursuant to the High Density Residential 94.47 23.88 70.59 0.3% Comprehensive Plan. Landfill 132.03 0.75 131.28 0.4% The land use map appears in Figure Industrial 938.27 81.17 857.10 3.1% 5-2: Future Land Use. The Plan builds Mining 2,651.57 57.49 2,594.07 8.8% on the existing community pattern Mixed Use 196.82 2.17 194.65 0.7% to achieve the desired vision for the Mississippi Connection 463.70 5.11 458.59 1.5% future of Elk River. Open Space 2,560.26 509.81 2,050.46 8.5% PubliclSemi Public 577.14 28.18 548.95 1.9% Residential 17,265.40 4,030.73 13,234.67 57.1% Water 357.38 326.39 30.99 1.2% TOTAL 24,702.73 5,530.90 19,171.83 100% Source: WSB & Associates, Inc. Chapter 5: Land Use / 35 L I MW MW MEMO � ;>� -- �/� 1131 n '�► "�jlli' .� I� li"HI '1 �,��� I iN►� lIa w III I �•Oii �l►�����°• j�lq i��� ��= �Q ■ a 1-:nn ��� u � � 13 l� � e ■�� q � nine n� ��IIm i-'•�.`�:�i�� �I�I Illlie!� r� I u I:a,Oip� � ,o,l■.., 4 I. w' a' 1 �� ,� xa7 �C - •�-. - 1111111 i - �''� � . `�' �€iii;":"-'!'.L- '-i •`'��I � '�i�r • 11111111 I '::� - ` (� u1' �. J 1' ,l■1 r1r ,l111in1 Illlllr • ` ���, ' �. ' - ,,. I�� _ l,fi�i♦ - � o .raw . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Future Land Use Characteristics Residential Rural Residential Rural Residential uses are guided to be developed as residential use in areas outside of the Urban Service Area that are not currently served by municipal sewer and water. The predominant land use in this area is single family detached homes. Forms of detached single family units can be built in "cluster subdivision". Cluster subdivisions are development patterns that place housing closer together in order to preserve greater areas of undeveloped land and to minimize the number of individual on-site septic systems. A gross density of 0.4 units per acre (1 unit per 2.5 acres) is the target density in the Rural Residential area. Increases in density should be allowed for achieving certain public objectives such as preserving natural features (which are not otherwise protected by ordinance), implementing the City's trail and park master plan (beyond the typical required park dedication), incorporating energy saving building techniques, or a combination of the above mentioned concepts. Urban Residential The Urban Residential area includes land guided for residential use in areas that will be served by the municipal sanitary sewer system. This Urban Residential land use will be guided by the density of development and not the type of housing. Densities of this development pattern would range from a low density pattern consisting mostly of single family detached homes at 2 dwelling units per acre to a denser pattern of smaller lots or attached housing at a density of up to 8 dwelling units per acre. The intent of the Urban Residential land use is to have an average overall density of 3 to 4 dwelling units per acre throughout this land use. This density would be averaged over all lands designated Urban Residential and would be achieved through the use of multiple zoning districts that apply alternative density restrictions in order to achieve the overall density goals. Currently, the City uses R-1 b, c, d, R-2a and R-2b to facilitate the density goals throughout the community. Urban Residential land uses include single family detached housing, duplexes, townhomes and multiple family dwellings. Housing units may be owner or renter occupied within this land use designation. Urban residential should provide connections between neighborhoods, including trails and streets, while also supporting screening and buffering from more intense traffic corridors and uses. High Density Residential The High Density Residential land use category consists of multiple family attached housing oriented in a vertical fashion, more commonly referred to as apartments and condominiums. This land use category may accommodate a combination of side by side townhomes and multi-story buildings. The densities targeted in this category are over 8 dwelling units and up to 20 dwelling units per acre. High Density Residential uses are located in places with compatible adjacent land uses and where the local street system will accommodate the traffic. Preferred settings include adjacent to Commercial Districts, employment and service centers, civic centers, park facilities, schools, transit facilities and principal roadway corridors. When located adjacent to lower density neighborhoods, high density housing can be designed to transition from its most intense use (3 Chapter 5: Land Use / 37 Elk River Comprehensive Plan or 4 story apartments) to lower density (small lot single family or attached townhomes) as it approaches lower density neighborhoods. High Density Residential uses may also be located in appropriately zoned locations within the Mixed Use and Mississippi Connections land use areas. Mixed Use The Mixed Use land use category allows a mixture of housing, jobs and/or retail services uses within close proximity to each other. This land use creates the potential for people to live close to their jobs and retail services, and it offers an environment where one can live with less reliance on the car. This area provides another setting for high density residential land use in Elk River. Mixed Use is a district that reflects continued trends that seek to integrate residential and nonresidential development in a common setting, close to transit services. Mixed use development should be supported where transportation systems, including transit, are available to provide alternative circulation opportunities. The Mixed Use area is more frequently proposed in the redevelopment of commercial areas. "Vertical" mixed use puts retail and housing uses into a single building. This form of mixed use typically puts residential uses over street level retail or office uses where appropriate. The Mixed Use designation may also include a more horizontal arrangement of uses with strong pedestrian connections to foster a pedestrian friendly environment. Typically, a mixed- use development will be completed as a Planned Unit Development (PUD). Mississippi Connections Mississippi Connections represents the historical core of the city, and corresponds to a redevelopment framework adopted by the City Council in November, 2012. This redevelopment framework established specific goals to strengthen the study area, which was broken up into five neighborhoods. These neighborhoods include the older residential and downtown commercial neighborhoods which are facing changes in the form of access and visibility, shopping habits, and housing desires. The Mississippi Connections Plan attempts to identify key strategic objects to reinvent the area as a destination for a variety of uses and activities. FAST The Focused Area Study is the area immediately adjacent to the commuter rail station at 171 st and Twin Lakes Road. The study, completed in 2010, represented an intense collaborative effort between the City and the property owners and stakeholders in the region. The Study identified the changing traffic patterns and how they affect business and land uses in the area, as well as provided alternative uses as these patterns continue to evolve over time. 38 / Chapter 5: Land Use Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY t o y Highway Business The Highway Business land use ranges from moderate to high intensity forms of commercial development in Elk River. Businesses in this category may be the largest both in terms of size and traffic generation while also providing services and convenience types of business. Market orientation tends to be regional in nature. Development orientation tends to be toward regional highways. Future Highway Business developments should be located within the Urban Service Boundary and adjacent to regional highways with both visibility and access. Examples of Highway Business uses include discount retailers, grocery, restaurants, automotive sales and service, general merchandise, and professional services. The Highway Business land use follows the Highway 169 and Highway 10 corridors. An important planning issue is providing options to accommodate increased demand for retail and service opportunities that meet access, visibility and size requirements. Development Reserve The Development Reserve land use identifies areas held in reserve for future development. The areas designated for this use lie adjacent to Highway 169 and Highway 10 outside of the Urban Service Area, in the area generally north of Co Rd 33. These locations are well suited for various development options in the future. While not currently served by municipal utilities, intense development is expected in the future due in part to the size, access, and visibility of much of the area. The Comprehensive Plan seeks to guide development in vacant land already served by utilities before opening new areas for growth. The reserve status allows planning to facilitate the desired form of development in the future. When the Development Reserve area is developed, it is expected that this area will receive urban services. The City should plan for future expansion of utilities into this area within the near future. Chapter 5: Land Use / 39 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Industrial Historically Elk River has enjoyed a diverse and strong industrial base. This base thrives with a regionally recognized labor force and business friendly posture. Industrial uses provide a wide variety of benefits, including employment and daytime population. Daytime population helps entice services, including a greater variety of services. Light Industrial The Light Industrial category includes industrial uses that are lower in intensity of activity. These uses limit the potential for adverse impacts on adjacent land uses due to factors such as noise and odor. Examples of Light Industrial uses include research and development offices, enclosed storage and warehousing, laboratories, and light manufacturing. A portion of the current mining area south of County Road 33 may also include some industrial development which will be determined through a more detailed planning and engineering study before full reclamation and development occurs. Medium Industrial Medium Industrial land uses are intended for businesses with more intensive uses. The level of intensity refers to the amount of land used by the business, the nature of the industrial activity, and the potential for truck traffic. Examples of Medium Industrial uses include contracting yards, lumber yards, concrete products processing, processing of natural resources, and truck terminals. Future Medium Industrial land uses are also appropriate for future reuse of the mining area south of County 33 which will be determined through a more detailed planning and engineering study prior to full reclamation and development occurs. Public/ Institutional This category includes larger tracts of land used for public and institutional purposes. These uses f' include schools, City and County governmental buildings and religious institutions. The Kelley ' Farm is an example of this type of land use. p + Open Space The Open Space category contains the public and private park and recreation and open s space system. In the future, land will be added to this category as new public parks are identified, developed or as open space land is dedicated pursuant to the Parks element of the Comprehensive Plan. 40 / Chapter 5: Land Use Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY Landfill This area represents land operated in conjunction with the sanitary landfill. The Landfill use is consistent with the current land use plan. The Landfill area should not be expanded beyond the currently approved area within the City. Mining The primary objective of this land use category is to allow the current mining use of the land and address future land use when development becomes appropriate. Based on current information, the majority of resources in the Mining area will be extracted over the next 10 to 40 years. An alternative use of this property is needed when the mineral resources are removed. It is anticipated that the southern portions of the Mining area (south of CR 33) will be available for development in the next 10 years. The mining areas represent those portions of the community most likely to experience heavy growth pressure, due to access, visibility, and abundance of available acres. The City wishes to plan for this growth prior to development pressure. As part of the Development Reserve Area planning, a number of issues need addressing: What are the desired land uses for the area, post mining? How can the City work with the miners to establish compatible reclamation plans? How much development can be supported through an extension of the existing sanitary sewer collection system? If this capacity is inadequate, what are the options for sanitary sewer service to this area? Does the cost of these sewer improvements influence the form of development? How would the extension of sewer service to this area affect overall planning for sewer plant capacity? How is development within the area to be phased to provide both a critical mass of property for development and the payment for the extension of municipal services? How will access and visibility be managed? How with neighboring incompatible land uses be protected? Agricultural Research The purpose of the Agricultural Research land use is to coincide with the agreement between the City and Cargill, and consistent with the Focused Area Study (FAST) for the 171 st Avenue area. This land use allows for the continued use of the property for animal nutrition and agricultural research and other related activities pursuant to the agreement, while protecting the City's ability to guide other development. Other land uses not consistent with agricultural research require and amendment to the Comprehensive Plan. 3 � Water Open water (permanently flooded open water, Takes, rivers and streams, and ponds, but 't not including wetlands or periodically flooded areas) seeks to identify the bodies of water in the community. Chapter 5: Land Use / 41 Elk River Comp ehensive Plan l ` j �►-- �,+„�,� Redevelopment ' The City should explore more aggressively the _ practice of redevelopment. Redevelopment does not need to be the top down practice of relocating _ neighborhoods and businesses to other areas so -` - that new development can move in. Redevelopment should be the stated and practiced posture of the community to allow for and promote the reuse of substandard parcels to achieve the vision of the community. " Redevelopment has many benefits, including increased jobs, tax base, and employment options within existing infrastructure, improving streetscape and community image blight, and improved pedestrian and vehicular connections. Even with these benefits, redevelopment is more costly and time consuming than greenfield development. The City should seek to remove obstacles to redevelopment, such that it is as attractive to new development as greenfield sites in neighboring communities. 42 / Chapter 5: Land Use . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Implementation The following objectives are aimed to use land in a manner that promotes a strong economy, respects the natural environment, and ensures a high quality of life for all residents. Actively seek opportunities to encourage Where appropriate, coordinate with redevelopment of substandard and landowners and others to encourage the underutilized sites within the urban preservation of existing privately owned services area. natural areas. Encourage development and Focus development and redevelopment in redevelopment that enhances the existing areas that are already urbanized. Minimize character of the neighborhood, protects further encroachments into natural areas natural resources and strengthens the where feasible. vitality of the neighborhood. Understand and recognize the significance Promote the expansion of industrial uses that Elk River's natural resources had/have in those areas identified in the Land in the development of the City. Continue to Use Plan. Ensure that the expansion use ordinances and other tools to ensure that complements existing uses, protects the reasonable protection and enhancement of natural environment, and respects the natural resources. surrounding neighborhoods. Based on market and demand, continue Support the renovation and reuse to work with property owners and the of existing buildings where feasible. development community on redevelopment Encourage measures to increase energy proposals to ensure consistency with the Plan efficiency where appropriate. and the overall community vision. Continue to work with adjacent Where appropriate, encourage the continued communities and overlapping jurisdictions use or adaptive reuse of existing buildings to address issues of mutual interest with historic value, rather than the demolition that, if not addressed, may constrain of the buildings. future economic development in Elk Continually seek and secure opportunities to River and/or the adjacent communities or in expand funding sources. overlapping g jurisdictions. Work with the City Council and City Boards Ensure the protection of the City parks and Commissions on continuous review and and open spaces are protected where modifications to the Plan, as needed. feasible. The City must also update its Zoning Ordinance to address inconsistencies and conflicts that may exist. Updating the Zoning Ordinance may be a large undertaking that will require significant input from the Planning Commission and others. It may also require that the City simultaneously conduct additional studies that provide information needed for the Zoning Ordinance update. This process should start shortly after the adoption of the Comprehensive Plan. The City must also revise the Zoning Map to be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. Although most of the Zoning Map will remain unchanged, there are some areas that will need to be rezoned. The process of updating the Zoning Map should start shortly after the adoption of this Comprehensive Plan. Chapter 5: Land Use / 43 Elk River Comp ehensive Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 44 / Chapter 5: Land Use Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY A ■ I Y 1\ �bQ ' I �GvY� Introduction The transportation network, like most utilities, is something most ' ■•- people use daily without really thinking about how it works. Most r individuals are not interested in how the various components of the transportation network (roads, rails, trails and sidewalks) function with one another or how they relate to the feel and function of a community. Most people are just interested in how to get themselves, their customers and their goods from Point A to Point B with little delay and as safe as possible. However, integrated transportation networks that support a healthy community do not just happen. Considerable thought and planning is needed to make a system work up to its full potential and to help support the type of community desired by residents. Chapter 6: Transportation / 45 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Ems- - — Transportation has played a key role in how Elk River developed in the past (river, railroad, TH 101, US 10 and US 169) and how it will grow and redevelop in the future. As such, transportation planning and the issues on the transportation network are an important part of the City's Plans. The transportation network has a significant impact on the character, feel and functionality of a community. There is a natural nexus between transportation and land use planning. Neither can be successful without taking the other into account As the city progresses into the future, the needs and demands of the transportation network are changing. What once was an auto-only focus has evolved to include important connections for transit, bicycling and walking. This section of the Comprehensive Plan provides background on basic network information, summarizes studies and analyses that have been completed since the last plan update, (including the Highway 10 and Highway 169 studies of 2010), identifies ongoing issues and concerns, identifies planned improvements and suggests practices that can be used to address future needs. Inventory and Analysis There are four primary systems that comprise the transportation network within the City of Elk River: roadways,freight rail, transit and trails/sidewalks. The sections that follow describe the existing systems and their various components. Roadways This section of the plan describes the existing roadway system within Elk River. System ROAD ,,, CLOSED The existing roadway system in Elk River is shown in Figure 6-1: Existing Roadway Network. In a review of the system, it can be noted that there are a limited number of continuous north-south and east-west routes. A majority of the roadways shown on the map primarily serve a development, a neighborhood or a small growth area. The lack of continuous routes can be attributed to a number of factors including: natural and man-made barriers (topography, lakes, rivers, streams, railroad, parks); past development patterns and styles; and ongoing mining activities. 46 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River --- ------- -- ------- ------ - ---------------------------------I I I I I N 1st Ave zits Ave 79 I . I T � 121 U1 33 169 5 _ zt th Ave 32 1r ,r e� b I ' " 2#9th Ave o U za7thAve e� a c A A c to � b F N � e 77 ry h 35 � Scho 1StfiJ r► 40 10 I � s 3o Mis' i tBtstAv 169 m t t l 4 169 U.S. Highway �aa County State Aid Highway 16st Ave County Road to r Local Road Figure 6-1. Existing Roadway Network Chapter 6: Transportation / 47 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Jurisdiction Jurisdiction refers to the agency that owns and maintains a particular roadway. The 0,ii o,?t roadway network in Elk River is owned and maintained primarily by three governmental agencies; the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT), Sherburne County and n a the City of Elk River. MnDOT is responsible for interstate roadways (1), trunk highways (TH F- 101) and US highways (US 169 and US 10). Sherburne County is responsible for county O� roads (CR 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 40, 44, 79, and 121) and county state aid highways (CSAH roFTRP�yQ 1, 12, 13, and 33). Most of the remaining streets are under the jurisdiction of the City of Elk River. It should be noted that there are some roadways that are privately owned and maintained by a neighborhood association. These roadways are paid for by the property NEC owners and the property owners are responsible for plowing the streets in the winter and w � repairing the roadways when they need to be fixed. The Sherburne County transportation plan identifies potential jurisdictional transfers for the future. No timing has been identified, but the following roadways have been identified to be C transferred to the City of Elk River: CR 121; CSAH 33 between Jarvis Street/Twin Lakes Road and 205th Avenue; CR 44/35 between western city limits and US 10. EP In addition to these changes, the County has identified future roadways that it would operate and maintain within the City of Elk River. These changes include: 221 st Avenue with a future connection to CR 33 to the west and to the eastern city limits to the east; �� 193rd Avenue; and Fillmore Street with a new connection to Jarvis Street (includes Jarvis Elk Street). The county plan also identifies new county connections that currently do not .��� exist and are not yet a part of the roadway network. These routes include a new CSAH RiVer 33 connection between 205th Avenue and Twin Lakes Road (CSAH 13) and a new CR 32 extension between Elk Lake Road (CSAH 1) and the CSAH 33/CR 77 intersection. Figure 6-2: Sherburne County Identified Jurisdictional Changes shows the proposed changes. Functional Classification As drivers, people are aware that roadways serve different purposes. Some roadways accommodate high traffic volumes and have few points to enter and exit roadway. Others have multiple locations where vehicles can enter and exit and have lower speeds. The purpose or function that a roadway provides is known as functional classification. A roadway's functional classification identifies its role in the roadway hierarchy used by agencies and planning officials to manage access, setback and other design-related features of a roadway. It also influences the types of land use and development in an area. For example, a Principal Arterial generally has higher traffic volumes and speeds. It is intended to get people through an area and sever a larger travel shed. Developments that would result in numerous individual driveways or homes along this type of corridor would be discouraged for safety, mobility and noise reasons. Figure 6-3: Existing Functional Classification shows existing functional classification. 48 / Chapter 6: Transportation Elk Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River ----- -------- ------------- ------ ------------------------------------------ ------ -------- ---------------------------------------- St 221S Ave F- 121 • • 169 21 th Av thAve V 207th Ave MEMO C N Scho I St 10 30 Mis 181st Ave 169 i t 165th Ave A.i NOMINEES City to County 10 County to City Future County Road-New Alignment Figure 6-2. Sherburne County Identified Jurisdictional Changes Chapter 6: Transportation 49 Elk River Comp ehensive Plan N -169 79_i zzlstAve zustAve r 121 � m 33 a thAve 32 �: a � —0. th Ave zo A e —1 aq, r 34 cC � hA N 77 �+ m sCd = 35 � 4a 1 44 School S S 40 10 t ra (i t a 30 M1 s 181stAve 169 X i Functional Classification Principal Arterial 165th Ave Minor Arterial -_---1 Collector 10 Local Figure 6-3. Exisiting Functional Classification ---- 50 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River w There are four roadway types within Elk River: principal arterials, minor arterials, collectors and local streets. Each roadway plays an important role in the system. Figure 6-4: Access versus Mobility shows the traits associated with the various functional classes. The roles are discussed below. Principal Arterial: There are three principal arterial routes within the City of Elk River, TH 101, US 10 and US 169. In general, principal arterials provide the greatest connectivity (link counties and/or states), have significant continuity at a state or regional level, serve longer trips (through traffic), and generally have higher posted speeds and less access. They typically only connect with other Proportion of Services principal and minor arterial routes and some select collectors. In some instances principal arterials are freeways (interchange access only) and in other locations they have at-grade intersections. Mobility Arterials Minor Arterial: Existing minor arterial routes within the City include CSAH 1, CSAH 12, CSAH 13 and Jackson Avenue. Generally minor arterial routes are state or county facilities (with a few select city roadways) that connect key activity centers and nodes and Collectors have continuity on a county level. They generally serve medium to long trips and they typically have higher posted speeds and more restrictive access than collector or local streets. Minor arterials generally connect to principal arterials, other minor arterials and collectors. Land Access Locals Collector: Collector roadways (e.g., Tyler Street and CSAH 1) provide links to local activity centers and connections between Source:A Po/icy on Geometric Design arterial routes and local city streets. These roadways are intended of Highways and Streets, AASHTO, to bring traffic from various nodes and funnel it to the arterial 2011 AASHTO Green Book network. Collector streets have continuity at a local level and generally serve medium to short trips. They serve a variety of land Figure 6-4: Access versus Mobility uses and can therefore have a variety of speeds. In general, an equal emphasis is placed on mobility and access. Local Street: The remaining roadways are considered local streets (e.g., Zane Street and 8th Street). Local streets provide connections to neighborhoods, developments and to other streets. There is generally low continuity (many cul-de-sacs), low speeds, access is emphasized and a small travelshed. Chapter 6: Transportation / 51 Elk River comprehensive Plan Table 6-A below shows the different characteristics associated with each functional class type. Characteristics Roadway Classification Principal Arterial Minor Arterial Collector Local Provide connections to Interconnect neighborhoods and minor Interconnect blocks within Connect to the Twin Cities nearby communities, business concentrations. Provide residential neighborhoods Place Connections and with other communities major traffic generators supplementary interconnection of major and land parcels with in Minnesota. and regional business generators with regional business commercial and industrial concentrations. concentrations. developments. As needed in conjunction with Spacing should vary in minor arterials to provide adequate Spacing relationship to density—2— 1 -2 miles or as needed. connections of places. In addition, As needed to access land 6 miles. collectors should be designated at an uses. average spacing of not less than 4 miles. To interstate freeways, To most freeways and other To a few minor arterials. System other principal arterials and principal arterials,other To minor arterials,other collectors and Primarily to collectors and Connections minor arterials. Connections minor arterials and collectors local streets other local streets. should be limited. and some local streets. Medium-to-long trips(2-6 Short trips(depending upon Short trips(under 2 miles) miles)at moderate speeds. Trips greater than eight development density)at low to at low speeds. Longer trips Trip Making miles. May have longer trips to moderate speeds. Longer trips for accessing the collector access the principal arterial accessing the arterial network. network. network. Emphasis on mobility rather Equal emphasis on mobility and Emphasis on land access,not Mobility vs. Greater emphasis on mobility than on land access.Direct land access. Direct land access mobility. Direct land access Access than land access. Little or land access should be limited predominantly to development predominantly to residential no direct land access. to concentrations of uses concentrations. and agricultural land uses. rather than driveways. Access Spacing Defer to MnDOT guidelines. Defer to county guidelines. Local guidelines Local guidelines for distances between driveways. Between 6 and 25 percent System Mileage Between 2 and 10 percent with principal and minor Between 5 and 25 percent Between 55 and 80 percent arterials Grade separated desirable. Intersections High-capacity controlled Traffic signals and cross- Four-way stops and some traffic signals As required at-grade intersections at a street stops minimum Parking None Restricted as necessary Restricted as necessary Permitted as necessary Large Trucks No restrictions Restricted as necessary— Restricted as necessary Permitted as necessary generally not restricted Access controllspacing, Traffic signal progression Number of lanes,traffic signal timing Intersection control,cul- Management Tools median barriers,and traffic and spacing and land access de-sacs,diverters,traffic signal progression managementicontrol and land access management calming measures Vehicles Carried > 10,000 1,000—30,000 250— 15,000 Less than 1,000 Posted Speed Limit > 40 mph 35—55 mph 30—40 mph 30 mph maximum Right of Way 100—300 feet(depends 60— 150 feet 60— 100 feet 50—80 feet upon design) Table 6-A: Functional Classification Characteristics 52 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Freight Freight is served primarily through truck and train movements. In Sherburne County the movement of agricultural goods, commercial and industrial products and natural resources (aggregate, etc.) are the major sources of truck freight. Adding to the freight mix within the City are the existing aggregate and sand mines near CSAH 33, the landfill at the s. northern end of the City and the concrete plants located closer to the southern half of the City. Truck traffic uses TH 101, US 10, US 169 and a number of county roadways to travel through the area and to destinations within Elk River. Rail Freight - Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) Railway The BNSF Railway provides freight service to the Elk _ River area. The BNSF Railway is a Class I railroad (major rail carrier that links large portions of the country) that connects the west coast of the United States to Chicago. The BNSF railroad roughly parallels US 10 through the City of Elk River (Figure 6-1). In 2013, MnDOT updated its statewide railroad information. According to the updated data, approximately 54 trains per day use the railroad with speeds up to 75 miles per hour. Because many of the railroad crossings are at-grade (no bridge over or roadway under the railroad), the trains can have a negative impact on automobile and freight traffic flow, as well as pedestrian and bicycle crossings. In addition to blocking travel across the railroad when trains are present, the railroad bisects the City, creating a physical barrier between downtown and the rest of the community to the north. Chapter 6: Transportation / 53 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Transit There is limited transit service in the City of Elk River. Most of the service is provided by Northstar Commuter Rail; however, there are a station few specialized services that can assist targeted feikRiver residents. The different services are described in the following sections. Northstar Commuter Rail Line T0111 of Northstar L ine Since the passage of the 2004 Comprehensive - Plan, the former Northstar Commuter Coach 11200 has been upgraded to the Northstar Commuter Rail line. The Northstar Line offers service between Big Lake and downtown Minneapolis, with stations at Big Lake, Elk River, Ramsey, Anoka, Coon Rapids and Fridley. In addition, there is a bus that will take commuters from the Big Lake station to the City of St. Cloud. Northstar is considered, as its name implies, commuter rail. This means that the service is provided is generally limited to serving commuter trips into the "city" (Minneapolis in this case) in the morning and out of the metro area in the afternoon/evening. The Northstar Commuter Rail line operates on the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) rail line. During the work week, service on the line includes y,,Aa Ay S trips to and from Big Lake to Minneapolis both in Nwe4il�r Ln+c :. the morning and in the afternoon. The Elk River station is connected to a park and ride lot located _ at the intersection of Twin Lakes Road and 171 st Lane. There are over 750 parking stalls at the lot, *., 6 some of which are available for overnight parking. Mb Figure 6-5, provided by Metro Transit, shows the location of the park and ride. a 1%I t:Arc hW f� t W� �4 af. S Figure 6-5: Location of Elk River station 54 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan River RiverRider Public Transit f RiverRider Public Transit provides door to door service for all trips. Any resident in Elk River is able to use this service for any transportation need - trip to the W.- doctor, shopping, work, school, etc. The fare is based on the destination. Rides must be scheduled in advance. RiverRider is a typically referred to as a dial- '' a-ride service. 4q Veterans Services — Medical Center Transportation The Sherburne County Veterans Service operates a 12-passenger van for the expressed purpose of providing transportation to and from the Minneapolis VA Medical Center. This service is limited to veterans Trails who are unable to transport themselves. There is also service to the St. Cloud VA Medical Center; however, As noted in the introduction of this chapter, there has this is done through volunteer drivers in their own been notable change in the transportation network cars. This service is free. Hours are limited, and rides over time. At one point, sidewalks and trails were must be scheduled at least 48 hours in advance. recognized for recreational purposes and not for serving a transportation purpose. That thought process is changing. Today there is recognition that Sherburne County Volunteer Driver Program most trips start and/or end with someone walking The Sherburne County Volunteer Driver program and bicycle commuting rates are increasing within the provides necessary rides for clients of Sherburne state. Because of the evolving role of the trail and County when no other transportation is available. sidewalk systems, it is important to address them Necessary appointments include: medical in both the transportation and parks and recreation appointments, social services, mental health and other sections of the Comprehensive Plan. purposes approved by the county. Seniors 65+ may qualify for the program according to maximum income Figure 6-6: Existing Trails and Sidewalks shows the guidelines. Service hours are limited. existing trail and sidewalk system. As shown in the figure, the existing system does not link the entire community. There are a number of gaps within and between neighborhoods and major destinations such as schools, parks, other recreational areas and shopping nodes. There are, however, areas within the community that currently have a robust sidewalk and trail system in place. The areas with the most connected trails and sidewalks are in the older downtown areas and in newer developments that have occurred over the past decade. Areas that are more rural generally lack trail and sidewalk facilities and areas that developed between 10 and 25 years ago are also less likely to have trails and sidewalks in place. These areas developed in an era when communities were not constructing sidewalks or trails as part of development. Chapter 6: Transportation / 55 Elk River Comp ehensive Pi. ----- ----------------------- --------------------- -- ----------------------------------------------------------- 40 St a 169 N T 79 1 22i 221SI AVC I 5i 33 ��th�A- 20 th Ave a20 Ave tD ro b r p � e g v F N 77 � 35 ¢ 44 v � o \ a f $ 81stAve 30 Mi i 169 111 169 U.S. Highway County State Aid Highway 165th Ave >� County Road to r Local Road Sidewalk Trail ---- \� Figure 6-6. Existing Trails and Sidewalks 56 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Issues and Opportunities The previous section of this chapter provided an overall description of the transportation network as it exists today. This section identifies the various issues associated with the network and identifies opportunities for addressing concerns. A number of issues and concerns related to roadways were identified as part of this planning process. Concerns noted as part of this process and as part of the previous plan are described below along with opportunities to address the concern. Final recommendations or policies that have been adopted through previous studies have more detail in the Future Improvements section. Congestion on MnDOT Roadways intent of these improvements is to make the roadways Congestion continues to be a problem on US 10 and less congested, to develop supporting frontage/ US 169, especially during peak travel periods and backage roads for local trips and to improve safety during the weekend. Both US 10 and US 169 link the by eliminating or improving the existing at-grade Twin Cities and Greater Minnesota. As such, there is intersections and driveways. commuter, freight and recreational traffic using these Along with proposed improvements identified for US roadways on a regular basis. This mix of traffic can also contribute to the congestion experienced by users. 10 and US 169, the City of Elk River and Sherburne County have the opportunity to develop or preserve US 10 and US 169 are both principal arterials that local north-south and east-west corridors. provide continuous travel flow. US 10 is an east- west route and US 169/TH 101 is a north-south route. These routes are part of a limited number of Traffic Diversion through arterial facilities that provide a continuous connection. Because there are few alternatives, traffic will Neighborhoods continue to primarily use these routes to get through Residents are concerned that as MnDOT roadways the area. Additionally, because there are few become more congested, motorists will look for alternatives to these routes, local residents/businesses alternative routes that take them out of the congestion are also required to use these routes for short trips or and keep them moving — even if it is a less direct to use circuitous routes through local streets. route. However, a majority of the through traffic MnDOT has recognized the problems on both US 10 (traffic not destined to stop in Elk River) is not likely and US 169 for well over a decade. Serious efforts to divert to other roadways unless it is a county road were initiated to identify improvements on both the simply due to the existing roadway network. Because corridors in the early 2000s. The City of Elk River of the way Elk River has developed, in small sections and Sherburne County were a part of those efforts. at a time and in a more rural style, there are very few Generalized concepts suggested that these roadways continuous north-south and east-west routes that eventually be converted to freeway facilities to have been developed, and even fewer are owned by accommodate projected traffic demands. Interim the city. The few continuous routes that exist are improvements in some locations were also identified. generally state or county roadways which are intended Following the completion of the generalized plans, to accommodate heavier traffic volumes. While this MnDOT, the City and the County, along with input does not mean that residential areas are not disturbed from property owners and stakeholders, developed by traffic, there are few city streets that are going to specific improvements for the corridors that were experience major traffic flows from through traffic as documented in two environmental assessments. The a result of congested MnDOT roads. Chapter 6: Transportation / 57 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Residential neighborhoods are more likely to and east-west connections in areas where there is experience diverting traffic from other local residents limited development today. This will ensure a more and/or businesses that are familiar with the roadway even distribution to traffic in the northern half of the network and know how to link from one neighborhood community and provide for better connectivity over to the next. Most through traffic will not have the the long-term. Coordination with Sherburne County patience to figure out a route that would get them will be key to the success of these efforts. to where they want to go in a timeframe that would make it worth the effort. The proposed functional classification map identifies potential collector and arterial routes that could be Improvements identified by MnDOT, the County and developed to help address connectivity needs. Some the City for US 169 and US 10 will address a majority of the proposed changes shown on the map are of these concerns. Additionally, if the County and included because Sherburne County's transportation City develop other continuous routes, there will be plan identified new connections or modifications to opportunities for local traffic to avoid US 169 and US the roadway status. A few of the county's proposed 10. Providing opportunities for local trips will free up changes include new alignments through public areas capacity on MnDOT's roadways, thereby improving such as parks. Coordination and discussion between traffic flow and resulting in less diversion. The the county and the city will occur before any new proposed functional classification map shown in the roadways are constructed. The discussion between last section of this chapter identifies potential collector the agencies will include ways to minimize impacts to and arterial routes that could be developed to help existing land uses. address the issue. Non-Motorized Transportation Lack of Continuous North-South Facilities and System and East-West Routes (arterials and The City of Elk River recognizes that a number of collectors) The make up the transportation network, and The City of Elk River has been noted as having few that not all of them involve the use of single occupant continuous north-south and east-west routes. This vehicles on the roadway. As shown in Figure 6-6, lack of continuous routes is a result of natural barriers there are a limited number of sidewalk and trail as well as the development patterns that have facilities within the community and they do not form occurred over time. As noted above, much of the a cohesive system at this time. Like the roadway City's development has come in small sections at a system, lack of continuous sidewalk and trail routes time, has been more rural in nature, and has been will hamper the mobility of pedestrians and bicyclists, constrained by the BNSF Railway, the Mississippi result in safety problems (sometimes there is no River and other resources in the area. space to walk/ride when the system suddenly ends and opportunities are limited for those with physical At this time, it will be quite challenging to provide disabilities) and limit system users (who wants to use good continuity in areas that have already mostly/fully a system that does not link to anything?). developed. There may be some limited opportunities to provide better connectivity than what exists today The City has begun to address the existing in locations with some existing development (but not deficiencies by requiring new developments to include fully developed), but there will be impacts to homes construction of either sidewalks or trails as part of and businesses in these locations. their plans. In addition, the City has also identified a number of new sidewalk and trail connections The City should use the opportunity when it updates that serve as links between neighborhoods, its transportation plan to identify new north-south recreational areas, downtown Elk River, and along key 58 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver transportation corridors. Figure 6-7: Proposed Trails bicycle facilities; however, the existing network is not and Sidewalks shows the proposed trail/sidewalks. connected to these improvements. Along with facilities for pedestrians and bicyclists, There are seven locations on US 10 with traffic transit is another opportunity to provide connections signals that provide accommodations for pedestrians for those that cannot or choose not to drive. The City and bicyclists to cross the highway. The seven has been very supportive of Northstar Commuter Rail signalized intersections include: 171 st Avenue, Main and has developed a station area that supports transit Street, Jackson Avenue, Proctor Avenue, Upland needs. Additional transit-supported development is Avenue, Joplin Street and Waco Street. There are expected in this area. As part of these efforts, there no grade-separated crossings of US 10 today. It will be opportunities to include additional provisions should also be noted that there are gaps at some of for non-motorized traffic. the intersections where a segment of sidewalk/trail is missing between the intersection with US 10 and the spot where the trail/sidewalks starts (sometimes Pedestrian and Bicycle Crossings the first cross street, sometimes after the first parcel, (US 10 and US 169) etc.). These gaps create problems for users — users find themselves trapped at the intersection. The provision of safe and well-spaced crossings of US 10, US 169 and other high volume roadways The Mississippi Connections redevelopment plan for pedestrians and bicyclists is a concern for identifies the need for a grade separated crossing system users. Both US 10 and US 169 are larger between downtown and the blocks to the north of transportation facilities that can be challenging for the train tracks, in the area currently occupied by the pedestrians and bicyclists to cross, especially during American Legion. The proposed sidewalk and trail peak periods when traffic is congested. From a safety network map (Figure 6-6) shows these connections perspective, even though technically pedestrians being addressed. The map also includes additional have a right to cross the roadway at unmarked crossings on both US 10 and US 169. It should also intersections, the true crossings on both US 10 and be noted that the long-term plans to convert US 10 US 169 are at signalized intersections and on cross and US 169 to a freeway will include accommodations streets where there is a grade separation (interchange for both pedestrians and bicyclists at interchange and or overpass). Traffic signals play an important role in overpass locations. getting pedestrians and bicyclists across these busy roadways. They provide adequate gaps for both Because the future trail and sidewalk plan is very users to cross the roadway and they offer a controlled comprehensive, there are a number of proposed crossing that keeps their movement separated from corridors throughout the city. The City should take the opportunity as part of its updates to the motor vehicle movements. Transportation Plan and the Parks and Trails Plan On US 169 there are six locations where there are to develop criteria that can be used to prioritize facilities in place for pedestrians and bicyclists to construction of trails/sidewalks in areas that are cross the highway with the assistance of a traffic already developed (efforts for new trails/sidewalks signal or a grade-separated (bridge, overpass or should be included as a requirement for new interchange) facility. Locations with traffic signals development areas and for redevelopment sites). include: Main Street, School Street, Jackson/193rd, and 197th. There is a stand-alone pedestrian/bicycle bridge over US 169 between School Street and Jackson/193rd which connects to Freeport to the west of US 169 and to Dodge east of US 169. An interchange at 205th also includes pedestrian and Chapter 6: Transportation / 59 Elk River ComP,,ti, ,,Pi. ---- ----------- �-`- ------------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------------- N ------------ 1 169 1 1 1 1 1 � 1 -------1 1, 2 lh Ave ® thj've _ V / a zo hAve -'i 34 % .I r — o l •; 1 1 A e 1 On 1 1 1 1 ,. 44.E ` — — i --EK 40 10 i 1 �� • \- % 30 1 `% — T Oil 169 • — 5 % I �% 1 `% i %% %" 1 1 Existing Sidewalk Existing Trail '-j--� IL _ 1 ---- ---- .*.a-------- --- Proposed Trail ' 1 %` Z � 1 to Lakes � Figure 6-7. Proposed Trails and Sidewalks 60 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Future Improvements and Guidelines Over the past several years, there have been a number of studies completed that have addressed or studied the issues identified above and/or other issues identified by the City. The recommendations of these studies, along with implementation guidelines for addressing the issues and opportunities identified in the previous section are included here. Congestion on MnDOT Roadways - US 10 and US 169 Congestion and Access Management MnDOT and its partners, including the City of Elk River, have identified a number of improvements to both US 10 and US 169 in order to reduce the amount of congestion on the corridor, improve safety, and address some of the existing connectivity concerns along the corridor. In addition to providing connectivity and better crossings for motorized vehicles, the proposed improvements also identified connections and crossings for pedestrians and bicyclists. The improvements for US 10 and US 169 were developed as part of two separate environmental documents completed in 2010 by MnDOT, Sherburne County and the City of Elk River. The improvements include converting US 169 to a freeway facility and converting a portion of US 10 to a freeway. The improvements identified in the environmental document were confirmed in additional studies (Mississippi Connections Redevelopment Framework, 171 st Focused Area Study, and 171 st Avenue AUAR). Figure 6-8 shows the locations of proposed interchanges and overpasses on US 10 and US 169. Figure 6-9 shows greater design detail of these interchanges and overpasses and includes the frontage roads. It should be noted, that while plans have been developed for both roadways, no funding has been identified for improvements at the state or local level. Because funding has not been identified or programmed, the timing of improvements is uncertain as is the feasibility of making them as identified. This plan acknowledges the uncertainty surrounding the improvements, but presents them with the understanding that the proposed plans represent the best information available. The text on the following pages identifies specific improvements by highway. Chapter 6: Transportation / 61 Elk River c..P,&,,n,i,,Pi. ----- ----------------------------- ----------- ----- --------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------- --- t N . 79..... 221st Ave ??iJ Ave fy, 169 21 th Ave 2#14th Ave 20 Ave _151 4444 scho I St 10 181st Ave 169 5 1 t Construction of • Proposed Interchange interchanges will eliminate existing access A Proposed Underpass points onto US 10 and US 165th Ave 169. Frontage roads are ■ Existing Interchange also proposed in locations 10 along the corridor, but are ■ Existing Pedestrian Overpass not shown on this map. ■ Interchange Search Area Figure 6-8. Proposed Highway Improvements (Long-Term) 62 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver us 10 Auxiliary lanes and collector-distributor road between Main and School Streets and School Street and 193rd US 10 has been identified for conversion to a freeway Avenue. over the long-term between US 169 and CR 44. The US 169 is lowered (reduces reconstruction of local improvements identified by MnDOT and its partners roadways that cross over the highway) also require shifting the BNSF Railway in order to US 169 shifted slightly to the east near BNSF Railway create grade separations with both US 10 and the railroad. The grade separations will enable vehicles (as BNSF Railway shifted well as pedestrians and bicyclists) to cross the railroad Existing interchange at US 10/US 169/TH 101 is and US 10 without having to be stopped by trains or upgraded to better channel all movements mainline traffic on US 10. It is anticipated that these Interchange at Main Street changes will take 20 years or more to implement. Interchange at School Street Proposed improvements include: Interchange at Jackson/193rd Avenue and 197th Four travel lanes (2 in each direction) with Avenue (split diamond) shoulders and a median barrier Interchanges at 205th Avenue/CSAH 33 (already Interchange at Main Street constructed) Interchange at Proctor Avenue Interchange at 221 st Avenue Interchange at Upland Avenue Frontage and backage roads Underpass at Jackson Street Accommodations for pedestrians and bicyclists to cross both US 10 and the railroad Frontage road system between Upland Avenue and Main Street Pedestrian and bicycle trails/sidewalks along crossings and frontage roads Access at Lowell Avenue is eliminated and will be served by the frontage road All other public street and driveway access will be Accommodations for pedestrians and bicyclists to eliminated from the corridor, with access provided at the cross both US 10 and the railroad interchange locations. Pedestrian and bicycle trails/sidewalks along It should also be noted that there is an existing pedestrian crossings and frontage roads bridge located north of School Street that is used by both In addition to these improvements, the 171st Avenue pedestrians and bicyclists to cross US 169. This bridge Focused Area Study recommends constructing a new connects to local trails on both sides of the highway. interchange between 165th and 171 st Avenues. This This pedestrian bridge could remain in place with interchange will require frontage road connections to proposed improvements. eliminate other existing at-grade intersections. This interchange is also shown in Figure 6-8 Proposed Implementation Highway Improvements (long-term). Because no timeframe has been developed, most of the changes identified for US 10 and US 169 will occur incrementally as funding becomes available, although some portions of the project need to be coordinated US 169 with one another. In general, construction of proposed Like US 10, US 169 has also been identified to be frontage and backage roads can occur before interchanges converted to a freeway facility by MnDOT, Sherburne are constructed and right of way for them can be preserved as parcels develop and/or redevelop. The County, the City of Elk River, Livonia Township U City of Elk River should work with MnDOT and others to and the City Zimmerman. Other improvements identify funding sources and to move the various projects identified for US 169 include: forward. Partners should also consider low-cost- high Ultimate six-lane facility (initially constructed benefit improvements that can be implemented ahead of as a four-lane freeway that can be modified by final implementation of the freeway vision. converting the inside shoulders) Chapter 6: Transportation / 63 Elk River Comprehensive Plan N 221st e zest Ave —r 79 D 121 169 33 213th Ave 32 0 c 2o9th Ave V a2o7th Ave r ro c co �1 Ave� G N �'7 77 I y s v 35 192nd .a� Scho 1St � 10 30 Mississi i Rd 181stAve ti r, -�J � ' 169 D \ 1 th 0 Improvements 16 th Ave U.S. 10 10 U.S. 169 Figure 6-9. Detailed U.S. 10 and U.S. 169 Improvements 64 / Chapter 6: Transportation Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY collector roadways on the city system. Most of F the proposed collector roadways are a continuation of existing collector or arterial roadways or include construction of new routes as development occurs. Much of this proposed collector network was identified as part of the US 10, US 169, the Mississippi Connections Redevelopment Framework, Li lm�l' °k and 171st Avenue Focused Area studies. Traffic Diversion and Continuous Implementation Routes (arterials and collectors) In order to implement changes that require construction of new routes or segments of routes, it The lack of continuous north-south and east-west is recommended that proactive efforts be undertaken collector and arterial routes creates connectivity by the City in order to preserve the right of way that problems and results in congestion on the limited is needed rather than building segments of roadways number of continuous routes that do exist. At times as property develops. Waiting until development and/ this results in traffic using county and local streets or redevelopment occurs does not protect the route, it to get to destinations that could be better served by can lead to increased acquisition costs and it may not having additional continuous routes. Implementation occur in the correct timeframe. Things the City can of improvements to US 169 and US 10 (along with do to preserve the routes: associated frontage and backage roads) will help Complete a corridor study to identify the preferred provide some of the connectivity that is currently alignment and location of the route lacking. However, these improvements are not programmed for the near future, so additional Adopt an official map connections are needed. Advance purchase the right of way needed Figure 6-10: Future Functional Classification shows It is important to coordinate these efforts with the proposed future functional classification map MnDOT and Sherburne County if the efforts impact for the City of Elk River. This map includes facility county or state routes to ensure that an alignment upgrades to collector and arterial routes on county can be identified that serves the transportation need, roadways identified by Sherburne County as part of its minimizes impacts to existing development (regardless long-term transportation plan. Some of the changes in of use), and has the support of the required agencies. functional classification include constructing additional It also provides an opportunity to pool funding roadways (shown as dashed lines) or segments of resources. roadways. It should be noted that the proposed routes shown on the map are conceptual only. Discussions If proactive elements are not completed in time and a between the city and county will occur prior to development does come along, it is important for the any new roadway construction. As part of these City to include the locations of potential connections discussions, the city and county will identify ways to as part of discussions with property owners and minimize impacts to existing residential and park uses. developers prior to them submitting an official application for approval. Other changes over time may include additional investments such as roadway widening (on minor Summary of Roadway Improvements arterials), pedestrian and bicycle facilities, limiting and Changes driveway access for newly constructed segments, consolidating driveway access when redevelopment The previous sections highlighted a number of occurs, etc. roadway network changes and improvements. Figure 6-11 shows all of the proposed changes graphically. In addition to changes on the county network, there are also classification changes recommended for Chapter 6: Transportation / 65 Elk River Comprehensive Plan --------------------------------- 1� j 40 169 1 I —1—______ --— '22xAve / f 121 I 14 32 I u th Ave �L 1 20 Ave v 1 % — a � 20 A e N� 20519 Aw Or I 1 a ° a o ❑ j �.� 77 7th t I F N � lA T 9 Ave 35 4 1 44 r h fi 4 � 1st 40 1 �10 ^i F s pvos� a 30 Missis ' i ` 181st Ave 169 1 Functional Classification -� Principal Arterial Minor Arterial 1 165th Ave Proposed Minor Arterial 10 Collector ---- Proposed Collector / Locals s� J � Figure 6-10. Future Functional Classification 66 / Chapter 6: Transportation Chapter 6: Transportation / 66 . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River \' 1 Collector 1 Collector-- Co le for I Route R to I 1/ Route st o 1 zzisliAve I / Collec or I •. Collector t R to 169 j Route -- 5 1 I z>�Ave 32 1 1 F Cal i o a�e�R z ; * Route —Art riat"i �� o I th ve�p Route P 2o7th Ave I i 7, 34 Or F- .,.. 1j/ a Minor ute' 1 a Ro 7. - –m C II d 35 out :ollecr. � Roe. �L. 44 � fi { _ Scho 1St _ Minor 4D Arterial 10 y Ro st 18ist Ave sets 30 Min y ;i zi Z rterial 169 �• I � v K f '� es Mi th Ar i 0 R X % I 1 Collector Future county road from _ Route existing city street "" Future county road from a new route 10. Future city street from existing county road r° ------ Future city street from a new street Interchange area-Additional study needed U.S. 10 Improvements U.S. 169 Improvements Figure 6-11. Future Network 67 / Chapter 6: Transportation Chapter 6: Transportation / 67 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Bicycle and Pedestrian Connections and Crossings In addition to the long-term planned improvements on US 10 and US 169 which include crossings and connections for pedestrians and bicyclists, the City has identified a number of future trails and sidewalks (Figure 6-7) to address the lack of trails and challenging roadway crossings in some areas of the community. As shown on the map, the recommended trail network is quite extensive and comprehensive. However, there is not any prioritization to the network so it is challenging to identify which segments will provide the most benefit for users and thus should be prioritized for implementation. One of the ways that the City can improve connections and crossings for pedestrians s and bicyclists is to recognize walking and bicycling as a transportation mode as well as a recreational activity. By elevating these facilities as a means of transportation, there are additional opportunities through grants and planning to prioritize connections that serve a transportation or dual purpose. It is recommended that the City's Park, Trails and Open Space Plan identify crossing and connection priorities. Recommended priorities should be based off of criteria developed as part of the process and should be incorporated into both plans. Implementation There are things the City can do on an ongoing basis that will improve conditions for pedestrians and bicyclists and enhance the network. Activities include: Incorporate sidewalk and/or trail provisions as part of the subdivision ordinance and plat review criteria. Incorporate sidewalk and/or trail facilities as part of construction and/or reconstruction on all collector and arterial roadways. Incorporate adequate shoulders on collector and arterial roadways for commuter cyclists. Include American with Disabilities Act improvements when repairing or constructing roadways Incorporate countdown timers and audible commands as part of new traffic signal construction and traffic signal replacement (MnDOT has upgraded most of the traffic signals on its network). Incorporate best design practices for bicycle and pedestrian facilities at intersections and at any mid-block crossings. Consider lighting needs for system users when facilities are developed. Apply for grants to help build the sidewalk and trail network. Work with Sherburne County and MnDOT to implement improvements on their roadway networks. 68 / Chapter 6: Transportation . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan River -a -- _ - - CD 4� Introduction Housing is an important component of all communities. Not only do the quality, availability, affordability, and diversity of housing enhance the quality of life in the City, it also supports economic development k� .. and contributes to a community's sense of place. Many business i r%' owners look at the t 16. ype and supply of housing in a community when s considering locations for opening or expanding their business. In return, the location and expansion of businesses within the City serves the population and attracts more businesses which keeps the cycle of growth and development vibrant. Housing is not a single, one size fits all, commodity. Personal housing needs change as life passes from young, single adult to family to elderly. This chapter provides an inventory and analysis of Elk River's existing housing and paints a broad picture of residential development. Chapter 7: Housing / 69 Elk River comprehensive Plan I� io .y f�f Inventory and Analysis Housing Supply Quantity and Types of Housing Units In 2010, the U.S. Census reported 8,023 housing units in Elk River, which is 2,359 more units than identified in 2000. Data describing the household type, as shown below in Table 7-A, is based on data available as an estimate. The most recent data is from the 2011 American Community Survey. Roughly 66.92% of the housing units in 2011 were single-family detached houses — this is considerably lower than Sherburne County (78.7%) and only slightly lower than the State of Minnesota (67.5%). In 2011, roughly 15.1% of the housing units in Elk River were single-family attached units (townhouses) — this is considerably higher than Sherburne County (5.9%) and the State of Minnesota (7.2%). In 2011, the City had a fairly consistent percentage of multi-family housing with Sherburne County and the State of Minnesota. Refer to Table 7-A: Housing Supply by Type, for more information. Table 7-A: Housing Supply by Type - 2000 and 2010 Housing Type 2000 2000 2010 2010 2010 Sherburne 2010 State Units Percent Units Percent County Percent Percent Single-Family Detached 4,216 72.9% 5,666 66.9% 78.7% 67.5% Single-Family Attached 432 7.5% 1,277 15.1% 5.9% 7.2% 2-4 Unit Multi-Family 97 1.7% 204 2.4% 1.6% 4.5% 5+ Unit Multi-Family 1,006 17.2% 1,234 14.6% 11.0% 17.1% Manufactured Homes 31 0.1% 86 1.0 2.8% 3.7% Total Units 1 5,782 1 100% 8,467 1 100% 1 100% 100% Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Characteristics of Household Type Table 7-B: Household Type Distribution — 2000 and 2010 compares the distribution of family and non-family households in Elk River, Sherburne County, and the State of Minnesota in 2000 and 2010. Elk River's percentage of "family households" increased more substantially between 2000 and 2010 than the County and the State. 70 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Table 7-13: Household Type Distribution - 2000 and 2010 Change (Number) Change (Percent) 2000 2010 2000-2010 2000-2010 Household Type Elk River County MN Elk River I County MN County MN Elk River County I MN MN Family Households: Married-couple: 3,665 14,294 1,018,245 4,894 19,163 1,060,509 1,229 4,869 42,264 33.5% 34.1% 4.2% Male household,no NIA NIA 68,114 336 1,064 89,707 NIA NIA 21,593 NIA NIA 31.7% wife present: Female household, 519 1,615 168,782 716 2,271 198,799 197 656 30,017 38.0% 40.6% 17.8% no husband present: Total,Family 4,402 21,581 1,255,141 1 5,946 22,498 1,349,015 1,544 917 93,874 35.1% 4.2% 7.5% Households Non-Family Households 1-person household 973 3,393 509,468 1,638 5,101 584,008 665 1,708 74,540 68.3% 50.% 14.6% 2 or more-person 289 1,445 130,518 439 1,973 154,204 150 528 23,686 51.9% 36.5% 18.1% household Total, Non-Family 1,262 4,838 639,986 2,077 7,074 738,212 815 2,236 98,226 64.6% 46.2% 15.3% Households Total 5,664 21,581 1 1,895,127 1 8,023 1 29,572 2,087,227 2,359 7,991 1 192,100 1 41.6% 37.0% 1 10.1% Comparison of Owner-Occupied and Renter-Occupied Units It is important for communities to have a mixture of both owner-occupied and renter-occupied units. In general, regional planners note that many communities strive to have roughly 65-70% of their housing units owner-occupied. In 2000, approximately 78.2% of the housing units in Elk River were owner-occupied, which is lower than the average of Sherburne County (84.0%) and slightly higher than the State of Minnesota (75%). In 2010, the City of Elk River's housing occupancy ratio (owner: renter) increased slightly, with 80.4% of the housing units being owner occupied and 19.6% being renter occupied. Refer to Table 7-C: Housing Tenure by Type - 2010, for additional information. Table 7-C: Housing Tenure by Type - 2010 Units per Owner Percent Percent Percent Renter Percent Percent Percent Structure Occupied Owner Owner Owner Occupied Renter Renter Renter Units Occupied Occupied Occupied Units Occupied Occupied Occupied County State County State Single-Family Detached 5,298 66.0% 74.2% 62.5 221 2.8% 6.6% 5.0 Single-Family Attached 1,014 1 12.6% 5.1% 5.6 217 2.7% 1.2% 2.0 2-4 Unit Multi-Family 53 0.7% 0.1% 0.9 100 1.2% 1.1% 3.5 5+ Unit Multi-Family 51 0.6% 0.2% 1.9 983 12..3% 10.0% 15.4 Mobile Home 34 0.4% 1.2% 2.7 52 0.6% 0.3% 0.5 Total Units 5,782 100% 8,467 1 100% 1 100% 1 100% Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates Chapter 7: Housing / 71 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Table 7-D: Vacant Housing by Type - 2010 Vacancies Year City City County State In 2010, the City of Elk River faced an overall housing Vacant Percent Percent Percent vacancy rate of 5.4%, which is 1.3% lower than the Units Vacant Vacant Vacant vacancy rate for the County and 5.1% lower than that 2000 118 2.0% 5.5% 8.3% of the State. In the year 2000, Elk River's vacancy rate was also lower than the rates of both the County and 2010 462 5.4% 6.7% 10.5% the State. From 2000 to 2010, the County vacancy Source: 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year rate increased just 1.2% compared to a 2.2% increase Estimates statewide. Elk River experienced a 3.4% increase during this same time period. This can partly be explained by the fact that the number of housing units in the City increased by 46.4% during this time and the housing market experienced a significant decline. Refer to Table 7-D: Vacant Housing by Type-2010 for additional information. Table 7-E: Owner-Occupied Value of Housing Housing by Value - 2010 The median value of owner-occupied housing Value Units* Percent Sherburne State units in Elk River in 2010 was $225,400- up County 55.7% (or $80,600) from the median value in Less than 100 1.6% 2.7% 5.6% 2000 of $144,800. Most housing in Elk River is $50,000 valued in the range of $200,000 to $299,999. In comparison to low and moderate valued housing, $50,000 to 262 4.1% 3.8% 9.2% there is a relatively small choice of higher valued $99,999 housing units in Elk River. The median value of $100,000 to 647 10.0% 14.0% 14.3% owner-occupied housing in Sherburne County $149,999 was $200,100 and $201,400 in the State of $150,000 to 1,578 24.5% 29.5% 20.4% Minnesota. Refer to Table 7-E: Owner-Occupied $199,999 Housing by Value -2010 for additional information. $200,000 to 2,282 35.4% 32.4% 27.5% $299,999 $300,000 to 1,430 22.2% 15.7% 16.5% $499,999 $500,000 to 128 2.0% 1.8% 5.5% $999,999 $1,000,000 or 23 0.4% 0.2% 1.0% More Median Value 225,400 x $200,100 $201,400 Total 6,450 100% 100% 100% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American Community Survey *Owner occupied units 72 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Table 7-F: Owner Monthly Costs as Percent of Owner Monthly Costs as Percentage of Household Household Income - 2010 Income Percent of Units Percent Sherburne State Housing decisions should not be based solely on the value Household County of housing, but also the cost of housing expenses in Income relation to household income. In general, housing costs Less than 20% 1,461 27.9% 29.5% 35.1% (taxes, insurance, principal, interest, etc.) should not 20.0 to 24.9% 989 18.9% 18.4% 17.7% exceed 30% of total household income. In 2010, 39.5% of homeowners in Elk River had monthly costs that were 25.0 to 29.9% 719 13.7% 14.6% 13.6% 30% or more of their household income, compared to 37.5% in Sherburne County and 33.6% in the State of 30.0 to 34.9% 505 9.7% 9.8% 9.3% Minnesota. Refer to Table: 7-F: Owner Monthly Costs 35.0%or More 1,556 29.8% 27.7% 24.3% as Percent of Household Income -2010. These figures suggest that housing was less affordable in Elk River than Not Computed in Sherburne County and the State of Minnesota in 2010. They also suggest that about two out of five homeowners Total 5,230 100% 100% 100% in Elk River may find it difficult to make their mortgage payments. Consequently, some may default on their loans and others may find it difficult to keep up with household Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American maintenance and repairs. Community Survey *Housing Units with a Mortgage Table 7-G: Owner Monthly Costs as Percent of Contract Rent Household Income - 2010 In 2010, rental housing units accounted for 19.61% of the Monthly Rent Units Percent Sherburne State occupied housing units in Elk River. 78.8% of the renter- County occupied units had a monthly rent of $500 or more in 2000. In 2010, about 89.9% of units had a monthly rent Less than$200 72 4.7% 5.2% 3.1% of $500 or more, which is higher than Sherburne County $200 to$299 0 0.0% 2.6% 5.1% (86.0%), and the State of Minnesota (81.2%) average. Refer to Table 7-G: Renter-Occupied Housing Units by $300 to$499 82 5.4% 6.2% 10.6% Gross Rent - 2010, for additional information. $500 to$749 383 25.1% 24.3% 27.1% $750 to$999 621 40.7% 32.6% 26.5% $1000 to$1,499 204 13.4% 21.6% 19.9% $1,500 or more 164 10.7% 7.5% 7.7% No Rent Paid 47 Median Rent Paid $795 $813 $783 Total 5,230 100% 100% 100% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American Community Survey Chapter 7: Housing / 73 Elk River Comp ehensive Plan Table 7-H: Gross Rent as Percent of Household Renter Monthly Costs as Percentage of Household Income - 2010 Income Percent of Units Percent Sherburne State In 2010, 40.7% of renters paid over 30% of their Household County household income in rent. Refer to Table 7-H: Gross Rent Income as Percent of Household Income - 2010. This number is lower than Sherburne County (51.7%) and the State of Less than 15% 144 9.4% 10.4% 12.0% Minnesota (49.4%). 15.0 to 19.9% 336 22.0% 14.0% 12.5% 20.0 to 24.9% 241 15.8% 12.1% 13.5% 25.0 to 29.9% 184 12.1% 11.7% 12.6% 30.0 to 34.9% 98 6.4% 8.7% 9.5% 35.0%or More 523 34.3% 43.0% 39.9% Not Computed 47 Total Specified 1,573 100% 100% 100% Units Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007-2011 American Community Survey Table 7-I: Owner Monthly Costs as Percent of Age and Maintenance of Housing Stock Household Income - 2010 In 2010, roughly 24% (2,102 units) of the City's units Year Units Percent Sherburne State were constructed before 1980. Just 4% of the housing Structure County units in Elk River were built before 1939. The number of new housing units built in Elk River is generally consistent Built with the County but higher than the State, with 52% 2005 or later 772 9% 7.4% 4.4% of housing units being built since 1990 compared with 2000 to 2004 1,802 21% 21.0% 9.3% 54.1% for the County and 27.2% for the State. Refer to Table 7-I: Owner Monthly Costs as Percent of Household 1990 to 1999 1,850 22% 25.7% 13.5% Income-2010 for additional information. 1980 to 1989 1,941 23% 16.6% 12.9% 1970 to 1979 1,022 12% 13.8% 16.0% 1960 to 1969 359 4% 4.7% 10.0% 1950 to 1959 218 3% 3.8% 10.6% 1940 to 1949 125 1% 1.9% 5.0% 1939 or Earlier 378 4% 5.1% 18.1 Total Specified 8,467 1 100% 100% 100% Units Source: U.S. Census Bureau; 2007-2011 American Community Survey 74 / Chapter 7: Housing Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY Residential Construction Table 7-J: Building Permit Trends 2000 to 2012 2,659 new housing units were added in Elk River over the Single-Family Multifamily Total last decade (2000-2009). This includes 160 multifamily Year units and 2,499 single family(Units) (Units) (Units) 9 Y homes. 2000-2009 2,499 95 2,659 Single family home construction averaged about 250 homes per year during the past decade (2000-2009). The first 2010 15 0 15 three years of this decade (2010-2012) have averaged 2011 10 0 10 much lower numbers at 20 homes per year, which is attributed in part to the economic recession. Single-family 2012 36 0 36 home construction peaked during the last decade in the years between 2003 and 2005, with an average of 477 homes per year. Refer to Table 7-J: Building Permit Trends 2,560 95 2,720 2000-2012 for additional information. Source: City of Elk River, WSB & Associates, Inc. Building Permits 1996-2012 600 500 400 a a c 300 a E 200 z 100 0 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ■ Building Permits 235 220 226 204 256 198 252 542 546 344 250 113 24 20 15 10 36 Source: City of Elk River Chapter 7: Housing / 75 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Plumbing, Kitchen, and Telephone The U.S. Census identified that of the 8,023 occupied housing units in Elk River in 2010, 34 lacked complete plumbing facilities and 87 lacked complete kitchen facilities. It was estimated that 242 units (3.0%) had no telephone service, which today is a commonality as many people choose to terminate in-home telephone service for usage of their cellular device. This is important to note to understand that future community outreach will need to be communicated in a variety of ways to ensure input is received where necessary. Tenure by Age of Householder Table 7-K: Household Tenure by Age of Householder-2010, on the next page, shows the distribution of the owner-occupied and renter-occupied housing units in Elk River in the year 2010. The graphic below breaks down the number of units by the age cohort, as housing needs tend to differ at key stages of a person's life. The graphic also shows the gradual change in the rate of homeownership within the City. Rental housing is generally most popular with young adults (35 and under) as well as older seniors (75+) in the State of Minnesota. The same is true in Elk River as there is a lower ownership percentage for younger and older age groups in comparison to those that are more middle aged. With the low cost generally associated with the cost of renting as well as the flexibility in housing situations, young households typically find renting as the preferred housing option. Increased burdens of home maintenance can make rental housing a desirable alternative for seniors. The homeownership rate fluctuated in the year 2010 between ages 35 to 74, ranging from 83.1 % for 35 to 44 year olds to 90.9% for those between 55 and 64. The percentage of rental households in Elk River decreased from 21.7% to 19.8% from 2000 to 2010. Household Tenure by Age of Householder City of Elk River 2010 140 120% 120 100% a� 100 80% c 80 60% Q 60 s E N 40% a) Z 40 � 3 0 20 — 20% 0 0% 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+ Renter HHs Age of Cohort Owner HHs Ownership Rate Source: U.S. Census Bureau; WSB & Associates, Inc. 76 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Table 7-K: Household Tenure by Age of Householder - 2010 Elk River Sherburne County Minnesota Number Percent* Number Percent* Number Percent* Owner HHs 15.24 71 0.9 323 1.1% 21,339 1.0% 25.34 1,099 13.7 4,295 14.5% 203,188 9.7% 35.44 1,650 20.6 6,336 21.4% 295,586 14.1% 45.54 1,338 16.7 5,937 20.1% 379,200 18.1% 55.64 1,235 15.4 4,182 14.1% 307,858 14.7% 65.74 713 8.9 2,062 7.0% 181,502 8.7% 75+ 344 4.3 1,306 4.4% 153,697 7.3% Total Owner HHs 6,450 80.4 24,441 82.6% 1,542,370 73.6% Renter HHs 15.24 210 2.6 853 2.9% 86,269 4.1% 25.34 410 5.1 1,331 4.5% 151,047 7.2% 35.44 335 4.2 991 3.4% 89,684 4.3% 45.54 242 3.0 696 2.4% 78,169 3.7% 55.64 123 1.5 357 1.2% 52,602 2.5% 65.74 91 1.1 308 1.0% 30,513 1.5% 75+ 162 2.0 595 2.0% 63,611 3.0% Total Renter HHs 1,573 19.6 5,131 17.4% 551,895 26.4% Total HHs 15-24 281 3.5 1,176 4.0% 107,608 5.1% 25-34 1,509 18.8 5,626 19.0% 354,235 16.9% 35-44 1,985 24.7 7,327 24.8% 385,270 18.4% 45-54 1,580 19.7 6,633 22.4% 457,369 21.8% 55-64 1,358 16.9 4,539 15.3% 360,460 17.2% 65-74 804 10.0 2,370 8.0% 212,015 10.1% 75+ 506 6.3 1,901 6.4% 217,308 10.4% Total Households 8,023 100.0% 29,572 100.0% 2,094,265 100.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau; 2007-2011 American Community Survey Chapter 7: Housing / 77 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Life-Cycle Housing and Profile of Households The housing needs of a community relate to the demographic profile of the household. Typically, households move through several life-cycle stages including entry-level households, first time homeowners, move-up buyers, empty nesters, and older seniors. The following describes each of these household types and the effect that they have on housing demands in Elk River. Entry-Level Households Move-Up Buyers People in the 18 to 24 year old Move-up buyers are typically in their 30s and 40s. age group typically leave their They move up from the smaller, less expensive house childhood home and establish their that they had purchased earlier. From an economic own household. They often rent a growth perspective, this is an important age group house or an apartment because they of people. Typically, move-up buyers have children generally do not have the income in school and an established job. They are less apt and savings needed to buy a home. to move to another community and start over. Also, In addition, many people in this age professionals who are moving to a community to group move frequently, so they advance their career are generally looking to move are hesitant to buy a house. They to a more expensive house than what they had in are also more apt to share housing with other their previous community. Elk River must continue unrelated people of similar age. to ensure that it has adequate choices for those who are looking for move-up housing that will satisfy their The entry-level household population in Elk River needs until they are in their late 50s and beyond. will fluctuate annually. Many Elk River residents Long term, the move-up buyers represent the largest that graduate from high school move to other age demographic. The variety of move-up housing communities to attend a university or to pursue options will be important to these groups. job opportunities. In the long term, unless current conditions and trends change, Elk River will not Empty Nesters see an increase in the 15 to 24 year old age Empty nesters are generally in group, rather a significant decrease in that sector. C their 50s and 60s. Often, their Nevertheless, there will always be a strong need to children have moved out of provide affordable housing for people of all ages. their house and left them with a larger house than needed. First Time Homeowners Empty nesters often want to First time homeowners are typically in their 20s — live in a smaller house, like and 30s. They are usually "move-up" renters, a townhouse, that has less meaning they "move up" from an apartment to a maintenance. This type of home. They are often young families, or single smaller house is located within the community. Empty individuals. They are prone to moving within nesters wish to maintain the friend, family, service several years of buying their first home for several and recreational connections established over the reasons including increased financial resources previous decades. allowing them to move to more expensive housing, children may require larger housing, and As the baby boom generation moves into this age job opportunities may require that they move to group, this population will likely increase in Elk River. another community. Interviews with persons familiar with the rental market in Elk River indicate there has been a notable increase in apartment rentals in Elk River by members of the baby boom generation. 78 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver IRV Seniors Affordable Housing + Those in their 80s and older are often looking for low Affordable housing is important to a strong economy maintenance or assisted and a healthy community. Increasingly, housing is not 4 living housing. Elk Ridge affordable for many working families and the lack of Manor provides apartment affordable housing for people of all ages and incomes and townhome living with causes families stress, dampens productivity and stifles f 24-hour maintenance and job growth. Various organizations define "affordable on-site management with housing" in many different ways. The United States opportunities for aging seniors. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Guardian Angels also provides generally defines housing as affordable if it costs less than a continuum of services for seniors including assisted thirty (30) percent of a household's income. However, living, long and short term care, hospice, and senior HUD's Section 8 Income Guidelines are the basis for most housing options in Elk River. As the population ages, affordable housing programs. Section 8 guidelines define Elk River must continually ensure that it has adequate low and moderate incomes on a sliding scale, depending housing to meet the needs of seniors. on the number of persons in the family. For example, a four person household is considered "moderate income" The number of empty nesters and seniors, coupled if their family income is eighty (80) percent of the area's with their increasing level of activity, will drive median family income. housing, transportation, recreational and service needs into the next 30 years. Elk River should It is noted most housing affordability programs and data strive to be a senior-friendly community that values place emphasis on creating owner occupied units at eighty the contributions of seniors, promotes positive (80) percent of the median family income (moderate intergenerational interactions, considers the needs of income) and rental units at fifty (50) percent of the median seniors in community planning, supports the efforts of family income (low income). Since low income persons are seniors to live independently, and acknowledges the typically renters, the definition of "low income" is tied to role that family, friends, and neighbors play in the life the number of persons in each unit. As of spring of 2013 of seniors. this study identifies "affordable owner occupied units" as those affordable for moderate income families (eighty Special Needs (80) percent of median income). Affordable rental units Housing for those with special are based on fifty (50) percent of the median income and needs includes housing for those reflected on a per capita and per family basis. with mental and/or physical Further housing analysis is desired to determine future disabilities or health issues housing demands and needs in Elk River. ' and those who are in need of temporary or transitional It's very important to note that the definition used in housing. The number of people with special housing this Study of "affordable" in terms of a dollar amount needs is expected to increase as the population of Elk will continue to change as the cost of living increases River continues to age. and interest rates change. Therefore, the City should periodically review income/housing statistics and update the definition as warranted. Factors such as interest rates will impact housing affordability. Chapter 7: Housing / 79 Elk River Comp ehensive Plan Income b Age of Householder Table 7-L: Household Income by Age of Householder - Y 9 2011 Looking at income data is also important when Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+ predicting future housing demands in the City Income No. Pct. No. Pct. No. Pct. No. Pct. of Elk River. In 2000, the median household income was $58,114 and the largest employment Less than 0 0% 0 0% 30 1% 42 3% industries were educational, health and social $10,000 services, manufacturing, and retail trade. By $10,000 to 19 8% 130 4% 34 1% 118 9% 2011, the median household income increased $14,999 significantly to approximately $70,224 and the $15,000 to 18 7% 282 9% 189 6% 190 14% top employment industries were the same. The $24,999 total population in 2010 age 16 and over was $25,000 to 31 12% 121 4% 53 2% 315 23% approximately 16,705, of which approximately $34,999 75.6% were considered to be in the labor force. $35,000 to 47 19% 423 13% 289 9% 251 19% The unemployment rate in the City of Elk River $49,999 in 2010 was approximately 5.5%. During this $50,000 to 116 46% 637 20% 872 27% 177 13% same time, Minnesota had an unemployment rate $74,999 of about 4.9%. Refer to Table 7-L: Household $75,000 to 0 0% 891 27% 485 15% 142 11% Income by Age of Householder-201 1. $99,999 $100,000 to 21 8% 536 17% 889 27% 78 6% $149,999 Table 7-M: Elk River Median Family $150,000 to 0 0% 126 4% 279 9% 21 2% Income $199,999 Annual Household Income Number of Pct. $200,000 or 0 0% 97 3% 118 4% 11 1% Households in More Category Less than$10,000 125 2.1% TOTAL HHs 252 100% 3,243 100% 3,238 100% 1,345 100% $10,000 to$14,999 122 2.1% $15,000 to$24,999 260 4.4% Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2007-2011 American Community Survey) $25,000 to$34,999 290 4.9% $35,000 to$49,999 604 10.2% Income distributions as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau can $50,000 to$74,999 1,145 19.3% be compared to affordability standards to determine how many households and families in the City of Elk River may require $75,000 to$99,999 1,235 20.8% affordable housing. Table 7-M: Median Family Income depicts the $100,000 to$149,999 1,502 25.3% number of households that may require affordable housing (based on family income) as shown in the shaded area. 1,401 households $150,000 to$199,999 491 8.3% (23.6%) have median family incomes of less than 80% of the $200,000 or More 172 2.9% median family income. TOTAL HI-Is 5,946 100.0% Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2007-2011 American Community Survey) 80 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver } n Neighborhood Preservation Homeowner's Associations Creating and maintaining strong neighborhoods is a key Homeowner's associations will play an increasingly important role in neighborhood sustainability. A ingredient of the vision for Elk River. Neighborhood issues homeowner's association is responsible for the take several forms in context of the Comprehensive Plan. maintenance of all common property in townhome developments. An association is also established Sustainable Neighborhoods to operate and maintain the shared septic system The future role of the City in neighborhood in cluster subdivisions. Elk River will continue to preservation can be diminished by quality planning, see growth in both of these areas. design, and construction. Some guidelines for The public policy implications of homeowner's designing sustainable and livable neighborhoods associations lies with long-term financial viability. include, but are not limited to: If associations do not implement plans for future New housing development should be consistent capital replacement, then the City may face with the and style t involvement in alternative solutions. Homeowner's y type of housing in the surrounding neighborhoods. typically demand and pay for current maintenance services. The ability to finance long-term, Subdivision design, standards for public replacement improvements is more difficult. In improvements, layout of public parks, and townhome neighborhoods, an association is orientation to the natural environment are responsible for the eventual replacement of private important factors in defining place. streets, roofs, and exteriors. The sewer system Street design and use of pedestrian trails and is the primary financial obligation for a cluster sidewalks can be used to promote a greater degree neighborhood. of connection between neighborhoods. A well run association employs a dues structure Good transportation planning and related capital that builds a replacement reserve. Without investment help to minimize traffic on local streets. adequate reserves, an association may not be able to undertake needed capital improvements in Seeking these qualities in initial design and future years. Failure to reinvest in the common development should help to promote strong property leads to a deterioration of these neighborhoods and minimize future maintenance neighborhoods. With cluster subdivisions, the lack issues that require public solutions. of funding may have environmental consequences. Chapter 7: Housing / 81 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Maintaining Neighborhoods Existing neighborhoods, particularly older ones, are an important part of the fabric of the community. These neighborhoods define the character and the heritage g of Elk River. Older neighborhoods provide lower cost housing than new developments. Maintaining housing quality in these areas is an essential part of providing affordable housing. OK �OVTH T - _ There are several aspects of maintaining neighborhoods. One of the desired by-products of u, building strong neighborhoods and community is pride in property. This sense of pride leads to a personal value in the maintenance of buildings and grounds. All mat R other approaches are more difficult when maintenance A is not important to the property owner. Economics is part of the maintenance equation. As more income is required simply to obtain housing, less .X funds are available to pay for maintenance activities. i Current low interest rates help this situation by making home equity loans more affordable. Higher interest rates not only reduce the affordability of debt for home improvements, but require more income for the same housing. Similar constraints apply to rental housing. The ability to finance building maintenance comes from rent income. If the ability to charge an adequate rent is constrained by market forces, then maintenance activities get deferred. In considering Historic Preservation and neighborhood revitilization projects, there is a difference between the correction of deferred maintenance and the correction of functional obsolescence. Programs developed to address housing and preservation goals must recognize this distinction, and the cost of each in the long term. The City will assess its involvment with such projects on a case by case basis. Market Gaps Market forces are not likely to fill all housing needs in Elk River. Gaps in the operation of the housing market point to potential public roles. Market gaps tend to change over time with demographic and economic changes in the community. City housing initiatives should focus on identifying these gaps and determining the appropriate responses. Gaps may relate to the need for specific types of housing. Gaps are also linked to mortgage financing and market conditions. An ongoing concern is the down payment and other factors needed to qualify for a mortgage loan. The city and local banks can pursue programs to promote homeownership. Finally, the physical deterioration of structures often creates a barrier to private investment. Rather than fix the problem, the market avoids the unit. If unchecked, blight may spread to adjacent properties. 82 / Chapter 7: Housing . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Housing Programs and Organizations Many municipal powers related to housing come from the housing and redevelopment authority statues as outlined in Minnesota Statutes, Section §469.001 to §469.047. The Housing and Redevelopment Authority (HRA) Act lists the following activities as public purposes: To provide a sufficient supply to adequate, To remedy the shortage of housing for safe, and sanitary dwellings in order to low and moderate income residents, and protect the health, safety, morals, and to redevelop blighted areas in situations welfare of the citizens of the state; in which private enterprise would not To clear and redevelop blighted areas; act without government participation or subsidies; and To perform those duties according to comprehensive plans; Public participation in activities intended to meet the purposes of sections 469.001 to 469.047 and the exercise of powers confined by sections 469.001 to 469.047 are public uses and purposes for which private property may be acquired and public money spent. The City of Elk River intends to partner or coordinate with various housing programs and organizations that can help address the City's housing needs. Some housing programs available to Elk River residents include: Central Minnesota Housing Partnership Tri-Cap Family Homeless Prevention Programs. The Central Minnesota Housing and Assistance Programs. These funds Partnership helps to maintain affordable are available to families or singles that housing through a variety of acquisition and are homeless or are at imminent risk of rehabilitation programs including the Home homelessness, or living in shelters to Stretch, First Time Homebuyer Program, The stabilize their lives by providing services Central Minnesota Community Land Trust, such as budget counseling, assisting with Acquisition/Rehabilitation Program, Small damage deposits or first month's rent. Cities Development Program and Rental MN Center for Energy & Environment Rehab Deferred Loan Pilot Program (RRDL). Programs. Elk River is an Energy City Minnesota Housing. The mission of with ample opportunities and tips Minnesota Housing is to finance and for homeowners looking to reduce advance affordable housing opportunities consumption, save money, and rehabilitate for lower and moderate income their homes in the process. Programs Minnesotans. Minnesota Housing can available through MN Center for Energy help finance new affordable housing & Environment include the Home Energy opportunities and preserve existing Program, Fix-Up Fund Program, and Save $ affordable housing. Now Program. Tri-Cap Home Repair Loan. The Home Not-for Profit Organizations. Not-for profit Repair Loan provides homeowners resources organizations including, but not limited to, to make repairs to their homes. These loan Habitat for Humanity can help Elk River funds may be used to make homes more address its housing needs. livable, accessible and energy efficient. By utilizing these available resources, Elk River can leverage viability and healthy investments in the City. The City will continue to assist the community in increasing home values and strengthening neighborhoods through investment and encouraging energy efficiency. Chapter 7: Housing / 83 Elk River Comprei,,.ve Plan Implementation Key actions or strategies that are intended to accomplish the objectives for housing include: encouraging strong residential property maintenance, supporting safe and attractive neighborhoods, promoting green building techniques, ensuring new housing and housing renovation, respecting neighboring properties and the overall character of the neighborhood, and promoting opportunities for "aging in place" enabling existing residents to stay in their homes longer. Further implementation strategies include: Revise the Zoning Ordinance as necessary to ensure review fees, increased density, or administrative flexibility that any infill development or further subdivision to grant minor variances (such as setback variances) that of large lots will not adversely affect the existing would support green building techniques and renewable character of the neighborhood. energy sources. Study the possibility of allowing accessory dwelling Review and modify ordinances as necessary to promote units in the City of Elk River to help promote affordable building compatibility with the site. For example, strive to housing and to help those who may need physical ensure that development does not unnecessarily remove assistance, including elderly residents. mature trees or other desirable site features. Ensure the City has adequate and appropriately zoned Strive to identify, study, and map unique residential land to meet the changing housing needs of the neighborhoods in Elk River. To the extent feasible, community. work with the neighborhoods to identify the qualities Continue to monitor and enforce timely progress of the neighborhood that they would like to see related to residential building permits. Do not preserved. As necessary, modify existing ordinances allow building projects that have been started to go or develop guidelines to ensure that future renovations unfinished for an excessively long period. and development are consistent with the desired neighborhood character. Study the need for, and if appropriate, implement a residential rehabilitation program using state funding, Before applying for the necessary development approvals, community development block grants (CDBGs), or encourage the developer or landowner to conduct a other suitable resources to provide rehabilitation loans neighborhood meeting to review proposed development, and grants for residents in need. redevelopment, or renovations that my impact the neighborhood character. Offer meeting space at City Hall Continue to monitor and enforce home occupation or other community facilities as a means to support this ordinances in the city to ensure safe and healthy effort. neighborhood conditions. Where guided in the Land Use Plan, promote the In accordance with the policies of this Comprehensive redevelopment of existing vacant or underutilized Plan, coordinate the effective and cost effective commercial property to include moderate to high density extension of municipal sewer and water to residential residential housing. In particular, promote mixed areas that are not served by public utilities. commercial and moderate to high density housing in To the maximum extent feasible, ensure the the downtown area and near future transit hubs in the preservation of existing natural features and promote City. Ensure that housing is consistent with the desirable the sensitive integration of natural features, such character of the area. as wildlife corridors, into existing and proposed Promote flexible development standards and innovative development. development techniques hat encourage development, Support neighborhoods in their efforts to beautify redevelopment, and renovation of existing housing without their homes and neighborhoods. jeopardizing the desirable character of the area. Identify and remove possible barriers in the zoning Study the feasibility and desirability of allowing multiple ordinance and subdivision regulations that discourage types of housing units in existing neighborhoods that or prohibit the use of green building techniques and/or are currently restricted to single family dwellings. For renewable energy sources. example, explore the possibility of allowing outright, or as Study opportunities to provide incentives that a conditional use, duplexes and/or twin homes in single encourage the use of green building techniques and family districts. renewable energy sources, as appropriate. Incentives Conduct a housing market study based on the City's may include expedited review time, reduction of goals and future needs. 84 / Chapter 7: Housing Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY ■ ■ r� / Introduction / The City of Elk River's infrastructure systems are the framework for the / City's basic operations and future growth. These systems operate and V'' provide basic support for the lives of Elk River's residents. Ultimately, - a key principle of this Chapter is to provide infrastructure investments that correspond to the community's growth potential. As Elk River develops, the development should be managed to make the most efficient use of existing and future investments in infrastructure and public facilities. The Comprehensive Plan sets the pattern for future development within the City of Elk River, which ultimately defines the parameters for municipal utilities needed to support this new development. Alternatively, the limitations of the utility system influence the type, form and location of future development. Chapter 8: Utilities / 85 Elk River C--=-F-Fens< Fly: N ' .k3 tom_ ,. The utility system represents significant public investment and as such, continued coordination between community development and CITY HALL utilities is essential to make the best use of financial resources. The M 'C'PAL UTILITIES UNICI s� OLICE DEPARTMENT City must determine the appropriate timing for any public financing Rnmr DEPARTMENT of new service extensions and improvement, considering the land use policies set in place and community development goals of the Plan. Encourage development and growth in areas contiguous to existing development and areas currently served by infrastructure will maximize the efficiency of City services. The City of Elk River has a land area of approximately 28,000 acres within the city limits. The City has delineated this area into rural areas (no municipal water and/or sewer services provided) or urban service areas (municipal water and/or sewer services provided). The City provides water and sewer services to residents within the urban service area as shown in Figure 8-1: Urban Service Area. It is the City's belief that over the next 20 years the urban service area will be fully developed and that additional land areas will be added as shown in Figure 8.2: Future Development Within the Urban Service Area and Figure 8.3: Future Development Outside the Urban Service Area. Although many of Elk River's growth areas, as designated in Chapter 5, presently include adequate infrastructure, other growth areas will require extension and improvements. As these areas develop/redevelop, the City should invest in new infrastructure with care; consideration must be given to the total public and private costs of new services. Public dollars must be spent wisely in providing these services. The boundary should only be expanded if the City believes that sufficient sewer and water treatment capacity will be available to serve property within the urban service area and the development (and redevelopment) within the expansion area. The implications on treatment capacity should also be considered with redevelopment projects and changes in land use that will alter demands on the utility system. The Elk River Municipal Utilities provides electric and water services to Elk River and surrounding areas and is responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance of these systems. The Utilities Commission serves as the governing body for the Municipal Utilities. Wastewater treatment and storm water management are the responsibility of the City Council and City staff. The goal of this Chapter is not to present a "plan" for the expansion and operation of the municipal utility system, rather to provide citizens, designers, City staff and potential developers with the knowledge to make more informed choices. 86 / Chapter 8: Utilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River N 69 T 79 121 33 32 34 35 44 ®� 40 m ®®® 30 lfi9 s 1 l i \ \ 10 l Urban Service Area IF� — — � City Limits Parcels Lakes Figure 8-1. Urban Service Area Chapter 8: Utilities / 87 II►7 ■��� 'I1 ■.r% ■'�I���111111 /II■I ■� SMA ME IN ffio MIME ►7■p�lii 1111111111.. Of mole _ �/.1 � Tfy•�I�11•♦,'== I/_ IAi i�1�� 111■ . • //II�i►�/III��1�• � I � I��I� ■��I��� caul\� ��� ♦ •l/luny /�� I■►r•n �■ ■�Piu■■�Kl�t>, r RAW =? 1111 011111111/�1 �•. �::� MENEM m OEM1.n In-•_ MIS lea I - r .11J`.•_I=l►�w � ��I. �tiJr� •� 1 tY� lu C 1'�■�r� ►�Ip�`�T�li i��"'T:+ �r®1/�l, �I :y If�l �� i of 1111\�,�,I ,•l J men" Wi u,.: • /■ QPn ..1�,�I -��,ire!:•. �, � .! 1 11; -- ����r���`�. �� ����//i f� 1�! �IL��rfl ♦Gi■R� �I� P�II In �%/�,' �� 111111—+—_- � � 111. i��.11� �'� I• �•��t ��I�/ � '3�■ �. iun ��, � n,I ai�.��� i��tm'1a �\`r�����1��72 If-L //�/=I �u �w�■fir .;�m�.,,lu .%��:. _Ili • �. -.n MEN � ���� ■�I/ ���:����®111 1■ ■■M■ II�1��7=e�, \II/I�i���/��fi� •1�� I `'■ ��IIII 3 MOME ��1• �/ � �/ P11101,00 ■■ now RKA00, H.I /!� ■I�d: P��■�:� •A�' / �, ■O Ili= 1 11 Fiji ill//I��o_-.■..► M W-01211— ■III�111�����i� � —��f �f ,�;►��C::�1 1 I3 it I . ._ I,r, �#���„ ,- I'��. d ,� •_ ;;off �s 1.1,,1,1 \JIY:. `:��■:_: - ' - ►� Ali KAI zoo as ,ter Figure 8-3. Future Expansion of the Urban Service Area Elk River Comprehensive Plan Inventory and Analysis Great River Energy plant and has been in operation since 1977 with several upgrades since. Wastewater Sanitary Sewer improvements since 2004 include upgrades to the wastewater treatment facility in 2005, sand filter Elk River's desired future land use pattern must be upgrades in 2006, and upgrades to various lift tied closely with a cost-effective wastewater service strategy. The City must be certain in determining the stations every year. pattern of sanitary sewer interceptors, lift stations, In February 2013, a Wastewater Treatment Facility and force mains to complete its development pattern. Plan was completed to evaluate the capacity of the Moreover, the City must ensure that costs of these existing facility and the ability to reliably achieve improvements are equitably distributed and services the reduced effluent limits at design flows and loads are provided in a planned, phased sequence that and to develop a plan for future plant modifications. promotes development. As improvements to the facility are presented, the The sanitary sewer collection system in the City of City should follow the recommendations of the Elk River includes over 77 miles of lines. As a result, Wastewater Treatment Facility Plan. 21 lift stations are needed to transport sewage to The current plant has a maximum treatment capacity a wastewater treatment facility that the City of Elk of approximately 2,200,000 gallons per day. On June River owns and operates that serves the residents of 23, 2012 the highest daily flow was recorded at Elk River as well as commercial and industrial users 1,930,000 gallons. Table 8-A: Wastewater Treatment located within the community. The plant is located Facility Average Daily Flows 2006-2012 shows the between Highway 169 and the rail line, north of the changes in annual daily flow since 2006. Table 8-A: Wastewater Treatment Facility Average Daily Flows 2006-2012 1,260,000 1,240,000 c 1,220,000 1,200,000 0 1,180,000 L ?' 1,160,000 - 1,140,000 � 1,120,000 - Q 1,100,000 1,080,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 a Gallons 1,142,428 1,183,294 1,211,120 1,243,078 1,188,985 1,193,980 1,171,000 90 / Chapter 8: Utilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan River The size and location of the sanitary sewer collection system influences the ability to expand the system, which results in a limit to the growth and development of land. Areas outside of the urban service area are included in this limitation, the area currently being mined as identified in Figure 5-1 : Existing Land Use is a critical area. Projected areas of development and flow from un-sewered connections from the Wastewater Treatment Facility Plan were used to estimate the average daily flow (ADF) at 3,980,000 gallons for the year 2035. Improvements to the wastewater treatment facility will be necessary to meet the requirements for this future planned growth to meet the design approved by the City. Improvements to the wastewater treatment facility are anticipated to occur over the next several years as outlined in the Wastewater Treatment Facility Plan and should be incorporated into the City's CIP accordingly. Wastewater flows will be monitored by the City and Treatment Facility improvements will be completed as flows increase. Elk River ~` Municipal Utilities Water System ERMU's water system contains over 78 miles of water mains and 4 water towers that have a total A key element of this section of the Plan is to ensure capacity of approximately 4,000,000 gallons of that the City of Elk River provides a safe and adequate water. Peak day water pumped in 2012 was on July water supply. A sufficient water supply is a fundamental 16th with 4,420,000 gallons and 2012 water sales prerequisite for community growth and sustainability. were 727,912,000 gallons. Obtaining, protecting and distributing drinking water that System improvements undertaken by ERMU since meets health standards is one of the most important 2004 include: added 3 miles of main, changed functions performed by a community. In addition, water over 4,000 meters to automated meter reading, pressures must be maintained for health, convenience, completed a 20 year wellhead protection plan, and and to meet multiple and simultaneous demands by local modified pressure zones in the City to optimize residents. existing pressure by installing RPZ valves. ERMU It is important to also maintain adequate water pressure also installed additional well filter equipment to better and supply for fire protection. The City must maintain serve the long term growth of the City. and expand its present system to ensure reliability and Water efficiency and conservation efforts have been meet increasing water demands and quality standards. increased as the concern for the longevity of the Strategic improvements to support desirable growth aquifers in the state. The water utility implemented patterns will be critical as well. a rebate program to promote the installation of Smart ERMU operates the water system for the City of Elk River Irrigation Controllers, implemented tiered pricing and has done so since its creation on October 4, 1945 by structures to promote water efficiency, and provided the City Council. Water is supplied from 8 wells ranging rebates and rate schedules for customers that from 225 to 406 feet in depth with water drawn from the irrigate using the most efficient equipment available. Mr. Simon Hinckley aquifer. The wells range in capacity There are also programs for smaller customers that from 650 to 1,300 gallons per minute (gpm). The water promote rain gardens and water barrels for residential utility is positioned well for the long term growth with the customers. These efforts support the long term capability of providing over 8 million gallons of water per growth of the City and water supply. day to local residents and businesses. Chapter 8: Utilities / 91 Elk River Comprehensive Plan T. ELKRNER EN-RGYCITY Electric System The Elk River Municipal Utilities operates an electric system in the City of Elk River that provides service to approximately 44 square miles as shown in Figure 8-4: Electrical Distribution Territory Map. The ERMU purchases power from Connexus Energy and constructs and operates the distribution system, including lines and substations, needed to provide power in its service area. There are approximately 315 miles of electric lines throughout the City, of which approximately 70% are underground. As part of the long term growth plan for the City of Elk River the utility has added an additional 65,000 kW of substation capacity to the distribution system since 2004. Elk River Municipal Utilities (ERMU) received national recognition in 2011 when awarded a high honor for having reliable and safe electric service. There are more than 2,000 public power utilities and ERMU is one of only 176 receiving the Reliable Public Power Provider (RP3®) award. The award is based off of four categories: reliability, safety, workforce development and system improvement. ERMU's reliability index numbers reflect the condition of its robust electrical system as well as its commitment to long term growth and superb customer service. The ERMU reliability numbers are comparing extremely well to other electric utilities in Minnesota. Elk River Municipal Utilities' 2012 reliability numbers were as follow: 1. ASAI (average service availability index) is 3. SAIDI (system average interruption duration a measure of the average availability of the index) is defined as the average interruption sub-transmission and distribution systems to duration for customers served during a specified serve customers. It is the ratio of the total time period. It is determined by summing the customer minutes that service was available customer minutes off for each interruption to the total customer minutes available in during a specified time period and dividing a time period. This is normally expressed that sum by the average number of customers as a percentage. ERMU's 2012 ASAI is served during that period. The unit is minutes. 99.999% Availability. This index enables the utility to report how 2. CAIDI (customer average interruption many minutes' customers would have been out duration index) is defined as the average of service if all customers were out at one time. length of an interruption weighted by ERMU's 2012 SAIDI is 7.7 minutes. the number of customers affected. It 4. SAIFI (system average interruption frequency is calculated by summing the customer index) is defined as the average number of minutes off during each interruption in the times that a customer is interrupted during time period and dividing this by the number a specified time period. It is determined of customers experiencing one or more by dividing the total number of customers sustained interruptions during the time interrupted in a time period by the average period. The resulting unit is minutes. The number of customers served. The resulting unit index enables utilities to report the average is "interruptions per customer." ERMU's 2012 duration of a customer outage for those SAIFI is 0.117. customers affected. ERMU's 2012 CAIDI is 66 minutes. 92 / Chapter 8: Utilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River In 2012, the electrical peak demand was at 59,620 Table 8-C: Electric Generation Units kW with the annual energy sales of 273,455,846 Unit Capacity Horsepower Date Fuel kWh. The Landfill gas generation facility contributes No. (kw) Installed approximately 26 million kilowatt hours, or 9% of the 1 550 735 1947 Diesel Fuel City's needs. 2 550 735 1947 Diesel Fuel ERMU will need to add electric substations and modify or improve some of the existing substations 3 3,000 4,100 1961 Diesel Fuel as development occurs. &gas 4 5,000 6,911 1971 Diesel Fuel &gas Landfill 3,200 4,600 2002& Landfill Gas 2006 Table 8-C: Electric Generation Units 1Z M V `-_ .'a:`�� :�..srt.". - ,s," / ✓�F .,w -, .-1 l_ ,� IDI. Td Stormwater Management Many of the goals and smart growth principles that are discussed throughout this Plan can only be fully achieved when issues surrounding stormwater management and environmental protection are considered as central to the planning process. The City of Elk River conducts surface water management planning to determine the needs and approaches for managing stormwater systems throughout the community. Managing stormwater and surface water protects and improves the quality of our lakes, streams, and rivers. It also helps to control flooding. The formal stormwater system consists of catch basins, pipes, ditches and detention ponds. Wetlands and other natural systems play an important role in effective stormwater management and further analysis of these systems is outlined in Chapter 11: Environmental Resources. With a lack of Watershed Districts or Water Management Organizations within the County, the City has been utilizing the existing Stormwater Ordinance and the existing Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for water management issues. The City completed an update of the SWPPP and developed a Surface Water Management Plan in November of 2013. The implementation plan within the new document should be followed for purposes of future planning related to stormwater management. Chapter 8: Utilities / 93 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Elk River . Implementation Continue to review and update, as needed, the sanitary sewer and water supply system plans. Encourage, where feasible, existing above ground utilities to be converted to underground systems or to be screened if the utilities must be located above ground. Maintain adequate zoning regulations for antenna towers and telecommunication equipment, consistent with federal law. Continue to coordinate with telecommunications companies on providing services throughout the City where feasible. Develop community utility facilities to the same aesthetic, environmental and development standards required for private property. 94 / Chapter 8: Utilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River ■ 7 000 Introduction The City of Elk River's vision includes recognition of the area's natural beauty and seeks to promote clean air and water and blend the built and natural environments. The City's environmental and natural resources work in concert with the people and development in the City to make Elk River a unique place. This Chapter of the Plan provides a basis to maintain and improve environmental quality in Elk River as the City seeks a sustainable balance between man- made and natural systems. Chapter 9: Environmental Resources / 95 Elk River-__=arl--,Q e F1 1I ,,� r, (•, r J:� ".x?`} �.''�j Alr J;L ��r�f+'�' riJA' tr- I �C u r_ Implementation The following statements reflect specific parts of the City's vision relating to natural environment and resources. Undertake a more detailed greenway corridor Manage the community's wildlife resources to planning process within the City (NRI plan). The protect and preserve native habitat and wildlife, purpose of this would be to identify goals of and to protect human safety. the greenways within the City, identify where Work with and encourage projects designed to public ownership could be incorporated into the reclaim contaminated lands and restore natural greenway, incorporate the trails system, identify resources where appropriate. areas where ecological restoration may be feasible, consider opportunities for recreation and pedestrian Continue programs to regulate the use of private movement, and target projects for grant funding. individual sewage treatment systems per County Some of this will occur with the update to the and State requirements and to protect ground and Parks System Plan that is currently underway, but surface water within Elk River. should be expanded upon to ensure preservation Continue monitoring and regulation of quarrying and enhancement of these corridors is sustained. of resources such as sand, dirt, and gravel to Continue to enforce all environmental protection mitigate potential visual and environmental zoning standards related to restrictive soils, impacts such as noise, erosion and dust. woodlands, wetland, floodplains, shorelands, Continue to manage the impacts of land uses bluffs, steep slopes and erosion control, to such as aggregate mining, landfills, and others on preserve and protect sensitive and other natural the environment by collecting appropriate fees or areas of community importance. One key part other funds to mitigate the impacts of the use on of this will be to update/review ordinances per the community's infrastructure. NRI recommendations to review park dedication Continue and expand environmental education requirements, data that is required for preliminary and awareness programs to include the proper use platting, tree preservation. and disposal of such pollutants such as hazardous Include the city-owned natural areas recommended waste, pesticides, non-point source pollutants, and for management into the City's CIP. This will fertilizers. Encourage public and private recycling allow the city to explore and potentially be eligible and source reduction programs. for grant funds. Promote the efficient use of land to encourage the Invasive species can negatively impact native protection of natural and energy resources where habitats within the City. The City will work to appropriate. manage and control invasive species if funding is available. Encourage and assist businesses, organizations, and citizens in their efforts to enhance and improve the community's natural environment and to conserve natural resources. 96 / Chapter 9: Environmental Resources . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Existing Natural Resource Information Natural resources can be defined as materials or substances such as gravel, forests, water, and land that occur in nature and can be used for economic benefit. This economic benefit can be characterized as the benefit of using rich gravel resources to support the local and state economy as well as preserving open spaces to enhance the community and wildlife. Elk River's natural resources, including the Elk and Mississippi Rivers, bluffs, lakes, wetlands and wooded areas, natural open space and views, all add to the unique and defining characteristics. As future development and redevelopment occurs, Elk River's challenge will be to link these new and redeveloped areas to its existing fabric, with an eye toward the existing natural resources. There are many sources of existing information available to the City in reviewing and developing a plan related to natural resources. These resources include the following: National Wetland Inventory (NWI): Mapping provided Minnesota Land Cover Classification System: As part by the US Fish and Wildlife Service that provides of the City's Natural Resources Inventory project, the general information about the location and type of existing land cover was mapped within the City using wetlands. The NWI information is shown in Figure 9-1. the Minnesota Land Cover Classification System Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Public (MLCCS). This is a methodology standardized by Waters/Wetlands Inventory (PWI): The DNR has state agencies to classify land cover and identify jurisdiction over larger wetland and open water native plant communities. waterbodies. These water bodies are also shown on City of Elk River Natural Resources Inventory Figure 9-1. (2004): The Elk River Natural Resources Land use inventory: The City's land use inventory Inventory is incorporated by reference into provides guidance on proposed land uses for the the Comprehensive Plan. This report contains area. background information on the landscape history of Elk River as well as the results of the MLCCS Floodplain Data: The Federal Emergency survey. This data is more accurate and up to date Management Agency (FEMA) provides maps that than the County Biological Survey Data, although show the floodplain within a community. Generally, it should be noted that not all areas within the development is not allowed or is restricted in these City granted property access to field review the areas. The floodplain is shown in Figure 9-2. land cover. Minnesota County Biological Survey Data (Sites Connection opportunities map: The map was of Biodiversity Significance): The DNR, through developed as part of the 2004 Comprehensive the County Biological Survey, has identified areas Plan and provides information about potential with varying levels of native biodiversity that may greenway connections. contain high quality native plant communities, rare plants, rare animals, and/or animal aggregations. Natural Resource Inventory Conceptual A biodiversity significance rank (outstanding, high, Greenways/Corridors Map: A greenway is moderate, or below) is assigned on the basis of the generally defined as a linear corridor exhibiting number of rare species, the quality of the native plant a natural environment. Focus is on protecting communities, size of the site, and context within ecological resources and providing wildlife and trail the landscape. MCBS Sites that are found to be corridors. Secondary use is for trails, assuming disturbed are given the Biodiversity Significance rank that they can be integrated without compromising of "Below." Figure 9-3 shows this information. The the integrity of the natural systems. rating code is based on the data provided by the DNR Gravel Resources: Elk River is rich in gravel at the time of the survey and may or may not still be resources and gravel is an important natural applicable. resource for the economy of Minnesota. Chapter 9: Environmental Resources / 97 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Safi amino Natural Resource Guidelines The background information that has been collected and developed by the City of Elk River provides a wealth of natural resource data for the City and its planning efforts. Information from public input processes indicated a desire to maintain open space and greenways as well as to provide connections to various areas within the City and is further defined in Chapter 9: Parks, Trails and Open Spaces. The following guidelines are intended to provide direction to the City with respect to future planning efforts. 1. Balance the protection of natural resources with economic development to maintain the vision of Elk River. 2. Preserve significant natural resource areas where applicable by implementation of greenway connections through development, park dedication, as well as identifying grant opportunities to implement or enhance greenways and natural resources. 3. Protect and enhance air and water quality to provide a livable and sustainable community. 4. Provide opportunities and connections to orient the City to its connection to the Mississippi River and Elk River. 5. Continue to allow gravel mining in the mining areas to make full use of these natural resources. 98 / Chapter 9: Environmental Resources . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1VeY , N . ��t , � ,•° s� — vim, T —7� 169 v 79 o u °n - ao o' a , 0 U 34 o� ji "... oo F 15 e c G ZEVE ° ° I River National Wetland Inventory Area "✓ DNR Public Waters /Wetlands o ° Trott Data Source: Minnesota Department of Natural Resources ,., ; ,,�.. Brooh 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles io Figure 9-1. National Wetland Inventory 1 Chapter 9: Environmental Resources / 99 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Ar e® N 169 , —r 79 � 121 33 Af, Ci o 32 u ems. R ° 0 0• U ' O ,n - n V ^ 0 O V 34 u 0 _ 35 �a 44 sn °o � 40 10 ^5 30 01 4131 F V, 169 .:...,. River ® Floodplain 0 DNR Public Waters /Wetlands ° � T Data Source:Minnesota Department of Natural Resources B o 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles 10 Figure 9-2. Flood Plain Location 100 / Chapter 9: Environmental Resources Elk Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan Ar R1VeY N E 169 , T 79 . • o,. i \ 33 ° '� L_ 12 'n °° ...� ° a a: ` O r `6 � v \ 0 34 m ° L; s a _ G' i J a 40 \ ®F ,..� 10 = 169 Mississippi Q7 River Biodiversity Significance Outstanding Tro High Moderate Below DNR Public Waters/Wetlands 10 Data Source:Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles 0 II Figure 9-3. County Biological Survey Chapter 9: Environmental Resources / 101 Elk River c..Piehensive Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 102 / Chapter 9: Environmental Resources / Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY -a M AN - j I �fG 1 0 r Introduction In the fall of 2013, the City began the process of developing a Parks and Recreation Master Plan The final document resulting • from that planning process should be incorporated by reference to this section of the comprehensive plan. CD CD Cn CD Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space/ 103 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Personnel should be planned for, hired and trained prior to the date of actual need to ensure that a .1 consistent level of service is maintained as park facilities are enhanced and local recreational programs or services are expanded. Funding and resources needs should be balanced. s Guiding Principle #3 - Plan and Design Parks for Their Entire Lifecyc% An important consideration in implementing the system plan is the expected "lifecycle" of each component or park unit, which is the time frame Guiding Principles between when it is initially developed until it is redeveloped or refurbished. In most cases, parks have In early 2013, the Parks and Recreation staff prioritized an effective "lifecycle" of 15 to 20 years, although city services into the following three priorities: this will vary substantially depending on the specifics Maintenance — take care of what we have of the park in question. In addition, recreation trends Preservation of open space and demand fluctuate as some activites become more or less popular or interest/demographics change. It Take care of our youth is important to plan for evolving recreation needs These are viewed as core services which are defined as by having flexible recreation spaces/facilities where the department's basic civic duty and prime value to the feasible. community. The forthcoming guiding principles support Guiding Principle #4 - Clarify Park these goals of providing a dynamic high quality system that is well-positioned to meet the needs of current and Roles and Classifications future residents of Elk River. The system plan uses and a variety of park classifications to assure that the spectrum of Guiding Principle #1 - Implement a recreation needs are being served within the larger Balanced System Plan that Provides a system. The park classifications should follow Consistent Level of Service within Each guidelines and criteria set by national planning Geographic Area of the City organizations to simplify and define the roles parks play and the services they provide. Those As the City of Elk River continues to grow into the northern national standards can be adapted to meet the area of the City, it will be important to provide residents unique needs of Elk River. This will aid the City in with a cross-section of recreational opportunities from establishing long-term maintenance costs, community which to choose. It appears there are some overlapping expectations, and implementation. This principle service areas within the existing park system. This indicates should be further defined by the Parks and Recreation there is potentially redundancy within the system and some Master Plan. parks/recreation features may be unnecessary. Guiding Principle #5 - Foster Guiding Principle # 2 - Maintain Adequate Community Involvement at Each Level Resources to Oversee Development, of System Planning and Implementation Operations and Maintenance of Parks and Trails and Administration of Recreational Continuing community involvement in the decision- Services making process as the plan is implemented is fundamental to the City being successful in gaining 104/Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space '■■v■■■■vv■■■■■■■o■■■■■■o■■■o■■■■■■■■o■■ ■o■ '■oo■■■■■o■oo■■o■■o■■■o■■■■o■o■■■■■■o■■o man '■■■■■■■■■■D■■■■■■■■■■D■■■■■■D■■■■■■■■■D ■■0 FIF- MEN MEN Elk River Comprehensive Plan residents support for funding initiatives. An 1. Expansion of the trail system will provide ongoing commitment by the city leaders and staff connections and continuity in the community. to community involvement in implementing the 2. Facility maintenance needs to be balanced with system plan should remain a cornerstone of the available resources. implementation strategy. 3. Consider City-wide and geographic service areas Guiding Principle #6 - Provide Access within in the City when planning for parks. to Recreational Activities and Programs 4. Each geographic area will be anchored by a through Coordinated Services with Local place based brand to bring community together. Partners 5. Continue to work with local agencies and adjacent communities on meeting the recreation Working with local program providers, the City facility needs. will work to provide the opportunity for residents 6. Plan for and obtain space for future needs. to participate in recreation activities and programs through well-designed, effective and cost efficient recreation programs. The City will continue to provide programming and will work with other program providers such as the local school district and youth , associations, etc. to address this need and to provide ym z adequate facilities for programmed use on a fair and equitable basis. Framework for the Parks, -' ��, Ik Recreation, Open Space, and Trail - �--_ System - The following framework establishes the base set of parameters that should be considered when developing a comprehensive and cohesive physical system plan. The framework serves as a means to translate the assessment of need and vision statement into a plan that meets the physical requirements, land and facilities, which will satisfy community needs. The framework builds upon the existing park and trail 4' infrastructure that is already in place within the City, with the basic precept being to use existing parks and open space lands to their highest and best uses within the context of demographic changes and resource limitations (capital investment and operations/ maintenance funds) that are expected to prevail for some years to come. This last point is of particular importance in that meeting residents' desire for quality facilities within the context of anticipated resources requires some rethinking of past planning models and points of emphasis. To that end, the major themes include: 106/Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY Park Classifications Guidelines As per Guiding Principle #4 the system plan consists of a variety of parks and open spaces defined under various classifications. Each classification serves a particular purpose in meeting local park and recreation needs. Although some flexibility is warranted, classifying parks is necessary to ensure a well-balanced system and that all recreation needs are effectively and efficiently met. The classifications Elk River should consider when updating the Parks and Recreation Master Plan are based on guidelines recommended in the National Parks, Recreation, Open Space and Greenways Guidelines (National Recreation and Parks Association, 1996) and Planning and Urban Design Standards (American Planning Association, 2006), albeit expanded or modified to address circumstances unique to the city. The following table provides an overview of each classification. Classification General Description Neighborhood Park Neighborhood park remains the basic unit of the park system and serves as the recreational and social focus of the neighborhood. Focus is on informal active and passive (non-scheduled/ programmed) recreation. Community Park Serves broader purpose than neighborhood parks. Focus is on meeting service sector-based recreational needs, as well as preserving unique landscapes and open spaces. Youth Athletic Consolidates programmed youth athletic fields and associated Complex facilities to fewer strategically located sites within the community. Can also provide neighborhood-use functions. Community Athletic Consolidates programmed adult and youth athletic fields and Complex associated facilities to a limited number of sites. Tournament level facilities. Can also provide neighborhood-use functions. Conservancy Area Lands set aside for preservation of natural resources, remnant landscapes, open space and visual aesthetics/buffering. Also provides passive use opportunities (i.e., nature-type trails, overlooks, interpretive program, etc.). This also includes lands set aside for preservation of natural resources and open space through means other than community preserves. This includes lands in wetlands and floodplains and an assortment of outlots left as open space Greenways Serve as linear corridors exhibiting a natural environment. Focus is on protecting ecological resources and providing wildlife and trail corridors. Secondary use is for trails, assuming that they can be integrated without compromising the integrity of the natural systems. Special Use Covers a broad range of parks and recreation facilities oriented toward single-purpose use - such as a nature center, historic sites, plazas, etc. Regional/ County Regional parks and open spaces with a natural resource and larger Park/ Open Space acreage focus. Private Park/ Rec. Parks and recreation facilities that are privately owned, yet Facility contribute to the public park and recreation system. Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space/ 107 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Building Highly Valued Trail System Four guiding principles provide the foundation for developing a highly-valued trail/pedestrian-way system, including: Principle #1 : Incrementally fill in gaps and otherwise improve the pedestrian-level public infrastructure to enhance safety and encourage the use of alternative forms of transportation within neighborhoods and along routes to school. Principle #2: Focus on interconnections between local and regional trails as the trail system continues to expand. Principle #3: Improving the overall quality of experience trail users have. Principle #4: Allow for four-season use of trails where feasible. Trail Classifications The trail system plan consists of a variety of trails and pedestrian-ways/sidewalks defined under various classifications. Each classification helps translate the TRAIL aforementioned personal values and principles into an ING implementable form, with each serving a particular R A purpose in meeting local needs. The distinction between classifications is important due to the variability in their value, which in turn greatly affects the importance of the system to residents and the degree to which the various trails, sidewalks, and bikeways will be used. The classifications applied to Elk River should be consistent with the MN DNR's Trail Planning, Design, and Development Guidelines (2007), albeit modified to accommodate some local nuances. A. \ J �d — I { l i L y rV n 108/Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Funding Source Description / Overview Probability State Outdoor The State of Minnesota annually allocates funds for park Very competitive,especially with very tight public Recreation, LCCMR, acquisition and development projects which meet recreational funding available at all levels. Most promising might be Legacy Fund,and needs identified by the State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Legacy Amendment Funds,especially for parks or trails Similar Grants Plan.In recent years,Legacy Amendment Fund has emerged as of regional significance. a legitimate potential funding source for projects of regional or state-wide significance.Whatever the program,the grants are competitive and awarded according to project merits. Land and Water The federal government allocates monies each year to states Funding availability through this program has been Conservation Fund for public acquisition and development projects.The State of limited in recent years. Minnesota Administers these grants through the Department of Natural Resources. Federal Transportation The federal government allocates monies each year for alternative Funding availability through this program has been Funds(T-21,RTP,etc.) forms of transportation,which includes bicycle trails that focus on significant in past years.The potential for receiving transportation. funding for local trails is relatively good. FeeslEnterprise Funds Minnesota statute allows cities to prescribe and provide for the Becoming a much more relied upon funding source, collection of fees for the use of any city park or other unit of the especially for singular use facilities ranging from city park system or any facilities,accommodations,or services ballfields to hockey arenas. provided for public use therein. Partnerships Relates to partnerships formed with adjacent cities,the county, Although limited public funding availability is an issue and school districts to develop,maintain,and operate parks and at all levels,forming partnerships to spread the cost of recreational facilities on a joint-use basis. providing a specific type of service or facility still has merit whenever there is an opportunity. Park Dedication Fees The park dedication fund provides funding for parks as long as Even with periodic adjustments,park dedication fees community development continues to occur.Any controls imposed alone will not be adequate to fund the system plan to an on the extent(i.e.,total number of units)or rate of development optimal level. (i.e.,number of units per year)allowed within the city will limit the revenue generated under this fund. The City will need to ensure the fees imposed are consistent with current state statutes. Donations Donations relates to cash donations,gifts,volunteerism,and Limited potential from a cash perspective,but important professional services donated to the park for planning,acquisition, with respect to the use of volunteers to offset some or development purposes. program costs. Local Sales Tax A local sales tax is a special-purpose tax implemented and levied at As much as the sales tax approach offers high degree Increase the city level.A local option sales tax is often used as a means of of merit,it must be noted that enacting it requires raising funds for specific local or area projects,such as improving approval by the State Legislature following requirements parks and trail within the community. established by state statue. In an ever shifting political environment,getting this approval is not always certainty. Park and Trail Bond A Bond Referendum is a way to borrow money to fund capital Although many communities have been successful Referendum projects and it normally requires voter approval. Collection of the at passing bond referendums to fund park and trail money is carried out by taxing local property owners. improvements in recent years they have done so by having a detailed park and trail system plan,completed community surveys to understand priorities,and have carried out a marketing campaign that educated citizens on the monetary impacts and the value added to the city. Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation, Trails, and Open Space/ 109 Elk River c..Piehensi,,Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 110/Chapter 10: Parks, Recreation,Trails,and Open Space/ Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY -a n^ ELK R�vERj �t�" � IIERAItY � , e - l Introduction Community facilities include parks, schools, health and safety services, libraries, religious institutions, and similar facilities. They help contribute to the quality of life in the City of Elk River and the City's ability to h N maintain and attract businesses, industries, residents and visitors alike. This part of the Comprehensive Plan provides an inventory and analysis of existing community facilities and services in Elk River. It also describes implementation strategies for maintaining and enhancing those facilities and services. Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 111 Elk River comprehensive Plan Planning for community facilities is important for several reasons, including, but not limited to: Community facilities represent important The future growth of Elk River may lead to community services; the expansion of existing facilities and the In Elk River, community facilities often are need to build new facilities; the locations of large employers; Municipal buildings, libraries, schools, The facilities should be accessible to both religious institutions, health care and a residents and visitors; variety of other elements all form the mosaic of what residents and businesses These facilities often represent significant want and need in the community; elements of community heritage and identity; Residents and businesses place value on the quality and variety of educational Community facilities may influence the opportunities available in Elk River. Schools pattern of traffic and adjacent land use; become focal points of the community. l WELCOME TO - CRY HALL Inventory and Analysis City Facilities City Hall Elk River is a statutory city with a weak Mayor-Council form of government whereby administrative, as well as legislative, authority is the ultimate responsibility of the council as a whole. The Mayor and four council members serve on the City Council as elected officials for 4-year terms. The Mayor is elected by the electors of the city at large. The City of Elk River is divided into four wards. One council member is elected from each of the four wards by the electors of that ward. Elk River City Hall is located at 13065 Orono Parkway and houses the City Administration, Community Operations and Development, Parks and Recreation, and the City Council Chambers. The City Administrator is directly responsible to the City Council for the operations of the entire city including the oversight of the budget, which includes 6 departments and over 140 employees. The City Administrator provides leadership, vision, guidance, and direction to a diverse city services operation. The Administrator also serves as an ambassador for the community and to other governmental agencies. 112 / Chapter 1 1: Community Facilities Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY �y. Elk River has several boards and commissions make recommendations to the City Council pertaining including the Board of Adjustments, Economic to land use policy and future use of properties. Development Authority, Energy City Commission, Heritage Preservation Commission, Housing & Police Redevelopment Authority, Ice Arena Commission, The Elk River Police Department is a full service Library Board, Parks and Recreation Commission, police department providing 24-hour police service Planning Commission, and the Utilities Commission. to over 23,000 residents within the City. The police Key to the comprehensive and land use planning department is led by a Chief of Police and organized process is the Planning Commission, which is an into two divisions: Patrol Division and Administrative advisory body to the City Council. The Planning Division, each commanded by a Captain. In Commission participates in various studies and 2013, the Police Department was comprised of 31 planning issues that are applied to guiding the sworn officers, nine non-sworn support staff and development of the community. The Planning approximately 15 volunteer Police Reserves. Commission conducts public hearings to receive public The Police Reserve Unit that has served the police comments on development proposals, subdivisions, department and community since 1975, is a volunteer zoning ordinance amendments, variances, re organization that is comprised of non-sworn members. zonings, and conditional use permits. The Planning Key responsibilities of the Police Reserve Unit include Commission makes recommendations to the City response to major incidents for traffic control and scene Council based on information provided by staff, security, community event security, search and rescue, various agencies, and the public. home and business security checks, general patrol, officer Also instrumental to the land use planning process is assistance, public education, and child fingerprinting. the Economic Development Authority (EDA) which is The Patrol Division is comprised of 21 officers assigned a public corporation empowered to undertake certain types of economic development projects. The EDA to the division and is divided into twelve hour work shifts is an arm of the City Council and handles all types covering a 24-hour day. Each patrol shift is supervised of city economic development projects including by a sergeant. The Captain of the Patrol Division is also responsible for maintaining the department's fleet acquiring, developing, improving, and disposing of of vehicles, supervising the field training unit and other property, entering into contracts and operating and maintaining public affairs. patrol related activities. The Police Department has established a variety of specialized units to enhance the The Housing and Redevelopment Authority (HRA) is a overall department effectiveness including K-9, Bike public body that undertakes certain types of housing Team, SWAT/Crisis Negotiations Team, Honor Guard, and redevelopment projects including planning, and Police Chaplain Corps. acquisition, clearance, rehabilitation and construction The Administrative Division of the Police Department for the provision of safe housing for persons of low is tasked with supporting and enhancing overall and moderate income. Projects may also include department effectiveness and is comprised of the the improvement and restoration of stagnant and Detective Unit, Su underdeveloped land. The HRA, like the EDA and Support Services Unit, and Community Services Unit. Planning Commission, is a body that will utilize the Comprehensive Plan to aid in land use decisions and Key initiatives relating to traffic safety include the Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 113 Elk River -- - 10-1147A s1 '� T'.*.- P1 Sherburne County Toward Zero Deaths (TZD)/Collision Library Reduction And Safer Highways (C.R.A.S.H.) program The Elk River Library is a branch of the Great River dedicated to making roadways in Sherburne County Regional Library. This library system consists of safer. Partners in this effort include Sherburne County 32 libraries over a six county area offering nearly Sheriff's Office, Elk River Police Department, Becker 1 million items including books, audio materials, Police Department, Big Lake Police Department, and video materials and serial subscriptions. The public the Princeton Police Department. library is located across the street from City Hall at 13020 Orono Parkway. The library has computers Fire with Internet access. The library also provides a The Elk River Fire Department, formally established in large multi-purpose room available for public events/ 1881, is a full-service emergency response and public meetings. safety agency, offering a wide range of services to provide for a healthy and safe community. Over Liquor Stores the years, the department has transitioned from a The City of Elk River operates two municipal liquor single-mission of fire suppression, to providing many stores as authorized by Minnesota state laws and the additional life-safety and value added services to Elk River City Council. The Westbound Liquor Store is the community. The fire department is focused on located at 13484 185th Street and the Northbound four specific service areas: mitigation, preparedness, Liquor Store is located at 19348 Evans Street. Profits response and recovery. from the City of Elk River's liquor operations go back into community projects which would otherwise have The City of Elk River has a Fire Chief who is directly to be paid for with increased property taxes. The responsible for the operation of the fire department Elk River liquor stores offer a variety of regional, and overseeing the functional divisions within, domestic, and imported beer, wines, and liquors. including Fire/Rescue Operations, Fire & Building Safety, and Code Enforcement. Streets Division The Elk River Fire Department currently responds from The Streets Division maintains 150 lane miles two strategically located fire stations; Fire Station #1 of streets, over 200 cul-de-sacs and 20 parking and Station #2. Station #1 is located at 415 Jackson lots. This includes snow plowing, ice control, Avenue and houses advanced support ambulances crackfilling, sealcoating, street sweeping, gravel which belong to a separate non-profit ambulance road maintenance, right of way maintenance and service, and Station #2 is located at 13073 Orono signs within the road right of way. In addition, Parkway which is home to the office of the Fire Chief the Division is responsible for the maintenance and and is typically staffed during normal business hours. repair of the city's storm water system. The division operates the equipment service department which Future development patterns and traffic levels will repairs and maintains the city fleet and Elk River influence the need for a future satellite station in the Municipal Utilities fleet. The division has its own sign northern and/or eastern section of the City. department and designs and creates signs, logos and 114 / Chapter 1 1: Community Facilities Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY R 47� S banners for every department in the City. The Streets Elk River Municipal Utilities (ERMU) Division is located at 19000 Proctor Road. Municipal Utilities Elk River Municipal Utilities is a community-based Parks System provider of power, water, and security systems located The City of Elk River has an extensive park system at 13069 Orono Parkway. Elk River Municipal Utilities that provides quality recreation opportunities for (ERMU) provides electric and water services to Elk residents and visitors. Refer to Chapter 10: Parks, River and surrounding areas, including parts of the Recreation, Trails, and Open Spaces for more Cities of Dayton, Big Lake, and Otsego. ERMU bills information. the residents monthly for services provided by the City of Elk River, which includes sewer and residential trash removal. ERMU also sells, installs, and services Activity Center (55+ years) security systems while providing monitoring. The City operates an activity center located at 413 Proctor Avenue. People 55 years and older may enjoy ERMU has a variety of energy and water conservation fitness classes, creative art classes, cards and games programs including the promotion of renewable energy or relaxing in the Gathering Grounds coffee shop. sources such as wind power and power from the The Activity Center also has three computers with local landfill gas. ERMU offers many programs to its internet access which are available at no charge. The customers that saves them money and conserves Senior Scene monthly newsletter provides up-to-date energy, including rebate programs and promoting good information on tours, special events, programs and daily practices to make conservation a priority. It is activities available at the Activity Center. active in the Energy City partnership with the City of Elk River. Golf Course The Pinewood Golf Course in Elk River is a nine-hole County Facilities executive course that supports the golfing community Elk River is the county seat for Sherburne County. with a variety of programs and opportunities that The county government center campus is located suit the occasional player as well as the avid golfer. at 13880 Business Center Drive NW along Highway Pinewood Golf Course is located at 18150 Waco 10 in the western portion of the City. This facility Street and is open early April through November of includes administrative offices, courts and detention each year, weather permitting. facilities, as well as administration, GIS and Survey staff. These facilities provide a significant source of Ice Arena local employment. The County services also provide The Elk River Ice Arena located at 1000 School a source of activity bringing people to Elk River to conduct business. Street NW provides opportunities for the community including learn to skate programs, open skating and The Sherburne County DMV is located outside of the hockey activities, leagues, clinics and tournaments, County campus at 600 Railroad Drive. youth and school hockey teams including Elk River High School, and provides a venue for a bi-annual craft show and a walking track. Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 115 Elk River Comprehensive Plan The County Public Works and Engineering between Jackson and Proctor. The campus contains departments have their office out of a separate facility two elementary schools, two middle schools and the Elk as well, which is located off of Jackson Avenue in River High School. Ivan Sand, a community alternative downtown Elk River. high school is located in this area as well. Meadowvale Elementary and Twin Lakes Elementary Schools are The County fairgrounds are also located at 13372 the only ISD 728 schools in Elk River not located on Business Center Drive between the county and city this campus. The schools are an important part of the government campuses. community identity, provide for one of the largest local employers in the City, and bring people into Elk River. Schools located in the City of Elk River include: Lincoln Elementary School (Grades K-5). Lincoln Elementary School (Lincoln) is located at 600 School Street providing schooling for approximately 500 students in grades kindergarten through fifth grade. Meadowvale Elementary School (Grades K-5). Meadowvale Elementary School (Meadowvale) is located at 12701 Elk Lake Road and serves .,:. ,. approximately 640 students in kindergarten through fifth grade. — Parker Elementary School (Grades K-5). Parker Elementary School (Parker) is an elementary school providing schooling for students in grades kindergarten through fifth grade located at 500 School Street. Twin Lakes Elementary School (Grades K-5). Twin Lakes Elementary School (Twin Lakes) is a two-story building that opened in fall of 2007 at 10051 191 st Schools Avenue NW with students in kindergarten through fifth grade. The school was designed as an energy Schools are very important components of a efficient school and a green school and currently has successful and viable community. Elk River is approximately 835 students. Twin Lakes was recently fortunate to have outstanding schools. The following named a "Minnesota School of Excellence". provides a brief description of the schools in Elk River. Salk Middle School (Grades 6-8). Salk Middle School (Salk) is located at 11970 Highland Road and serves over 700 students in grades 6-8. Salk Middle School Independent Public School District #728 offers a core curriculum in areas of English, Math, Independent School District (ISD) 728 Elk River Area Social Studies, and Science, as well as the areas of School District, the eight largest school district in Art, Computer Applications, Industrial Technology and Minnesota, is a progressive district proudly serving Physical Education. In addition, Salk offers Magnet approximately 12,500 neighborhood students and specific course work (STEM Based) in English, Science more than 50,000 total lifelong learners in all or parts and Social Studies for students who have registered of Albertville, Dayton, Elk River, Otsego, Ramsey, for the Pre-Engineering Magnet Program in 7th and 8th Rogers, St. Michael, Zimmerman and the townships grades and all students in 6th grade. of Big Lake, Baldwin, Livonia, Nowthen, Orrock and VandenBerge Middle School (Grades 6-8). Stanford. The District operates nine elementary VandenBerge Middle School (VMS) provides school for schools, four middle schools, and four high schools. students in grades 6-8 and is located at 948 Proctor ISD 728 has a seven-member elected School Board Avenue. with a District Office located at 815 Highway 10. Elk River High School (Grades 9-12). Elk River High School (ERHS) is located at 900 School Street and ISD 728 operates a major school campus in the provides schooling for students in grades 9-12. City of Elk River that is located on School Street 116 / Chapter 1 1: Community Facilities Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY AL Ivan Sand Community High School (Grades 9-12). Development (GED). The Ivan Sand Community High School (ISCHS) is an alternative high school that opened in 1998 for Built in 1930, the Handke Center is ISD 728's oldest students with different or unique needs. ISCHS facility, and is now in its 83rd year of continuous is a secondary program that is designed to help operation serving the public. It served as the District's students, who may be at-risk of not graduating, only high school from 1930 to 1961, then as a junior earn a diploma. ISCHS provides schooling for high school, and later still as Handke Elementary approximately 120 students in grades 9-12 and is school and the Handke Magnet (elementary school). It located at 1232 School Street in Elk River. has housed the current array of programs since 2001. The influences of the ISD 728 facilities, and the A portion of the main floor of the 1930 building was importance of the public school system on community remodeled and restored to its original 1930 luster development, create shared interest for the City during 2005-2006. and ISD 728. A strong working relationship and collaborative approaches should be part of addressing Private Schools future issues. Among the issues related to school In addition to the public schools in the ISD 728 School facilities area: District, Elk River has the following private schools: Maintaining a quality setting for Elk River schools; My Own Montessori (Grades Pre-K — K). My Planning for facility needs with continued growth Own Montessori School is located at 1118 4th in east Elk River; Street NW and provides schooling for preschool and kindergarten students in Elk River, Big • Addressing challenges of school funding and Lake, Otsego, and the Zimmerman area. My growth in other parts of the district; Own Montessori School is located in Union Community and regional recreation needs; and Congregational Church one block off of Highway Capturing the economic benefits of visitors 10 with Norfolk as the cross street. attracted by the schools. St. Andrew's Catholic School (Grades Pre-K — 5). St. Andrew's Catholic School is located at 428 Charter School Irving Avenue NW and offers schooling for children Spectrum High School (Grades 6-12). Spectrum High in pre-kindergarten through fifth grade. School is a public charter school located at 17796 Solid Rock Christian Academy (Grades K — 12). Industrial Circle NW in the southeastern portion of Elk Solid Rock Christian Academy was founded in River. The charter school in celebrating its eight year as a 1994 and is located at 11800 196th Avenue NW, member of Elk River during the 2013-2014 school year. west of Highway 169. Monarch Montessori (Age 33 months — Grade 6). Monarch Montessori School provides a unique Handke Center alternative to traditional schools, both public and The historic Handke Center located at 1 170 Main private within the Elk River area. The School is Street is home to the following ISD 728 programs located at 19277 Vernon Street (by Meadowvale which enhance the education programs within the Elementary School) and serves the Elk River, City: Community Education, Early Childhood Family Otsego, Rogers, Zimmerman, Big Lake, and Education (ECFE), Early Childhood Special Education Monticello communities. (ECSE), Early Childhood Screening and health services, Adult Basic Educaiton (ABE), and General Education Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 117 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Minnesota School of Business- Elk River Cemeteries College Campus Minnesota School of Business Elk River campus is Four cemeteries are located in Elk River including: located off of Highway 169 at 11500 193rd Avenue. Meadowvale Cemetery, organized in 1895, located The Elk River Campus opened its doors in 2009 off of Meadowvale Road NW approximately two and offers career focused college degree programs miles north of County Road 33 (a portion of the in business, accounting, technology, veterinary cemetery is located within Livonia Township; technology, health and legal science fields. While Orono Cemetery, graves dating back to 1855, relatively new to the City, student enrollment and located on the south side of Lake Orono in the faculty have grown since its inception. Internship western portion of the City; opportunities provide an excellent way to engage the St. Andrew's Catholic Cemetery, organized in 1891 students in City government and provide assistance to with records dating to the 1860's, located south of local businesses throughout the City. 193rd Avenue and west of Highway 169; and Vernon Cemetery, organized in 1915 with land deeded in 1878 and some burials first seen in 1855, located two blocks west of Evans Street on Railroad Drive in Elk River. � x The cemeteries have sufficient available space to meet the anticipated demand for burials in cemeteries, at least through the year 2040. Religious Institutions !oo a� These institutions are an important part of the social fabric of the City and have a large impact on the community. With a variety of faith based options for the City's residents, religious institutions Community Events add to the quality of life in a town the size of Elk The City of Elk River has many River. They provide opportunities for neighbors to celebrations and community events connect, socialize, and they also provide employment opportunities. throughout the year. These events ra 4th help define Elk River's unique sense of place and contribute to the City's OF JULY high quality of life. Some key ELK events include, but are not limited RIVER to ArtSoup Community Art Festival, 4th of July Elk River, Taste of Elk River, Shiver Elk River, and the Riverfront Concert Series. 118 / Chapter 1 1: Community Facilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Community Facilities and Services Plan The following expands on the implementation strategies outlined later in this chapter by further describing key concepts for maintaining and enhancing community facilities and services in Elk River. City Facilities and Services and the International Council on Local Environmental Issues (ICLEI)) to promote an awareness and City Hall understanding of energy conservation efforts and City Hall will continue to provide cost effective services to seek grants to implement energy conservation that meet the needs of the residents, business owners, measures. and property owners alike. The City will strive to The City will strive to update its ordinances and make City Hall a showcase facility that simultaneously policies to address energy conservation issues that considers social, economic and environmental factors. affect community facilities as well as other types of Examples of this include continuing to make cost- development. effective improvements to City Hall that will conserve energy. The City will explore ways to enhance the City Hall site by implementing low impact design storm Other Facilities and Services water management techniques, low maintenance native landscaping, and similar techniques that are cost- ISD 728 effective, visually attractive, and environmentally sound. It is critical for the City of Elk River to continue to coordinate with the Independent School District (ISD) Streets Division 728 Elk River Area School District on future land use The Streets Division and associated facilities will needs or issues moving forward. continue to identify opportunities to provide cost- effective, safe, and environmentally sound City Shared Community Facilities and Services vehicles and equipment. The Streets Division will The City of Elk River and neighboring and overlapping also continue to explore opportunities for alternative agencies and jurisdictions should continue to design, construction, and maintenance techniques for coordinate efforts to provide cost-effective services. City streets and similar facilities. Specifically those potential shared facilities that may be difficult for an individual jurisdiction to provide on Police and Fire Department its own, but may be feasible if shared with others. The City will continue to monitor the current and anticipated staffing, equipment, and facility needs Telecommunications of the Police and Fire Departments and will explore The City recognizes that high-speed information opportunities to address those needs in an efficient services are a critical component of Elk River's and cost effective manner. The City will also continue infrastructure and a critical component of economic to work with neighboring and overlapping jurisdictions development and quality of life. As such, the to explore the most appropriate ways to provide City will listen to the hopes and concerns of police, fire and emergency medical services to Elk residents, business owners, and industries relating River and the region. to telecommunications. As the City continues to grow and develop and implements plans to Energy Consumption upgrade and extend municipal sewer and water The City will explore ways to reduce its energy lines, it will also consider opportunities to work consumption. For example, the City will strive to replace with telecommunication providers and private utility inefficient lighting in City facilities, replace inefficient companies to enhance telecommunication throughout City vehicles and equipment with more efficient vehicles the City where feasible. and equipment, and to use green building techniques in new and renovated City buildings. The City will explore opportunities to partner with other public or private resources (such as the Center for Energy and Environment (CEE), Renew Minnesota!, Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 119 f 1� ■1!1:-�r �F�� � 1 " III Illr :it �• !� � V � � �, ti�A■ �`= '���11:�°_'► 1 s , mor 6 1 MIN ■nisi _ 11- .1 $ in IN• ����/ 11�,�y i ��A.P]TLtY-].._' 11I �\•'ice q•��1 �/��� r� , .► �_� ,�, 11���iii..n ' ,� � ■ 0. Fir., ,ter: r r Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan R1VeY Implementation The following are statements that reflect strategies that are geared toward community facilities. Continue to evaluate and pursue the costs and Continue to conduct periodic energy audits of all benefits of partnering with other government entities pertinent City facilities. Identify and implement to provide cost effective community services in Elk strategies to reduce carbon emissions, increase River. When appropriate, explore contracting with energy efficiency, and provide the City with other government entities for services. monetary savings. Continue to evaluate and pursue the costs and Consider developing and implementing strategies benefits of sharing Elk River's services with other to reduce the use of fossil fuel in City vehicles and communities. equipment. Consider the use of hybrid vehicles, Continue to coordinate and/or partner with alternative fuel-efficient conventional vehicles Independent School District 728 on pertinent and other types of vehicles that reduce fossil fuel services such as community education and use. Also, develop and implement strategies that recreation programs. reduce the number of vehicle miles traveled for City business using fossil fuel vehicles. Consider developing and implementing a plan to ensure that new construction and renovations Consider developing and implementing strategies to pertaining to City facilities, follow green technology use "green" cleaning products in all City facilities. standards, where feasible. Consider developing and implementing strategies to Where appropriate, promote native landscaping that help the Streets Division continue to implement their reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, tasks in a sustainable and cost-effective manner. pesticides, irrigation and fossil fuel use. Continue to inventory and analyze all City equipment Consider developing and implementing a plan to make sure that it works safely and efficiently. to provide community gardens on City property Continue to budget and plan for equipment or partner with Elk River institutions (ISD 728, replacement and repair as needed. Prepare a cost- Sherburne County and religious institutions) to benefit report to support decisions. provide community garden space where feasible. • Continue to partner with or support others in their Lead by example by using rain gardens, rain barrels, efforts to provide events and celebrations that and other techniques that others can use on their benefit Elk River residents and business owners. properties. Encourage City Staff and Elected Officials to promote Consider developing and implementing an the City through speaking engagements, news environmental preference purchasing program. articles, and presentations at a variety of events, as Consider partnering with other government entities established by City policy. to maximize savings. Where appropriate and Actively solicit citizen participation in City affairs, feasible, engage institutions, businesses, and including committees and events. residents. Work with the School District to promote opportunities for youth to be involved in City activities. Chapter 1 1 : Community Facilities / 121 Elk River c..Piehensive Pi. This page intentionally left blank. 122 / Chapter 1 1: Community Facilities . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River a E 3 ■ 1 r ■ i1 6 Introduction e. Communities with strong economies have the financial resources r necessary to support the services that their residents need and desire. However, sustainable communities recognize that community development is not simply about increasing the financial resources of the community; it is not simply about promoting businesses and industries that will create more products and deliver more services without regard to the natural and social environments; nor is it simply about increasing the financial wealth of individuals. Rather, community development in a sustainable community is about bringing together social, natural, and economic resources to sustain the "whole" community. Chapter 12: Community Development / 123 Elk River Comprehensive Plan The community development section is, to some degree, the sum of all the other parts in the Comprehensive Plan. The process of discovery that is required to complete the Comprehensive Plan provides a basis for current and future City leaders to decide things like what, if anything, should the City of Elk River do to help facilitate business and/or residential growth. In addition, this section aims to outline planning activities that should be undertaken in achieving the current economic development goals of the City of Elk River. One of the current goals of the City is to "foster a pro- business atmosphere that provides incentives and other opportunities for new and existing business growth". Three aspects of Elk River's future that require particular attention and action by the City include: Expanding the tax base Attracting jobs Encouraging redevelopment These actions remain the three key aspects for the 2013 Comprehensive Plan Advisory Committees. Expanding the Tax Base Property taxes remain the largest source of revenue for the City of Elk River. In fact, roughly three-fourths of the City's budget is derived from property taxes. While all forms of development contribute tax base to the community, it can be risky to place too much weight on tax base growth as a strategy. A lack of local control over the critical elements of the tax system is cited as the main reason for the risk. Chart12-1: Tax Base $30,000,000 $25,000,000 $20,000,000 $15,000,000 2010 2011 ■2012 $10,000,000 ■2013* $5,000,000 $0 Gross Net Tax Less Captured Tax Net Tax Capacity Tax Levy Capacity Increment for Levy ($5,000,000) Source: City of Elk River, WSB & Associates, Inc. 124 / Chapter 12: Community Development . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver Chart 12-1: Tax Base, on the pevious page, shows a decline in gross net tax capacity for the City of Elk River since 2010. It also shows that even though the City was able to reduce the tax levy amount in recent years, the local tax rate increased from 44.56% in 2010 to 49.56% in 2013. According to the 2013 Budget, the decline in gross net tax capacity is mainly due to a decline in residential taxable market values, which dropped 13% in 2012. The taxable market values for commercial properties dropped .21% and industrial properties increased .38%. Seeking commercial and industrial development as a means of building tax base is commonly thought of as ideal since, historically, a dollar of estimated market value of commercial-industrial property carried a higher tax capacity value than residential property. Legislative changes to the tax system resulted in declining tax capacity values for commercial-industrial properties from 1997 to 2002. However, given the relative stability of the taxable market values for commercial-industrial properties compared to residential properties in recent years, it is clear that focusing attention on tax base growth as a strategy for commercial-industrial properties is a legitimate community development strategy. The disparity in declines in taxable market values between residential and commercial-industrial properties results in businesses taking on a larger share of the local tax levy. Local tax competitiveness is an issue that falls within the context of business retention and expansion, commonly known as BR&E. City officials should continue efforts to perform functions within the BR&E framework to ensure local businesses have an opportunity to have an open dialogue with the City on an ongoing basis. This would aid in achieving the City's Community Development goal, which aims to, "Enhance and expand community involvement and public participation through a variety of innovative outlets". Jobs Planning for commercial-industrial development continues to be an important issue for the City. A motivation for commercial-industrial development is the creation of jobs. Retaining and attracting livable wage jobs has been an ongoing objective for the City of Elk River. In 2013, commercial and industrial properties made up 23% of the tax base in Elk River (21% and 2% respectively). According to the 2010 Census, 68% of Elk River workers had jobs outside of the City. Since 1990, roughly 40% of Elk River workers travel 35 or more minutes to work and nearly 80% of workers drive alone. By comparison, only 17.1 % of Minnesota workers have an average commute time of 35 minutes or more. Refer to chart 12-2: Community-2010 for more information. Long commute times and employment outside of the City creates barriers to building local connections, can contribute to retail leakage, and reduces the amount of time available for recreation. In addition, there is a growing body of evidence that the next generation of workers will want to spend as little time commuting as possible. Retaining and attracting livable wage jobs will provide current and future Elk River residents the option of working where they live. Chapter 12: Community Development / 125 Elk River Comprehensive Plan The major employers in Elk River have traditionally been various institutions in the service-providing sector including Elk River Independent School District 728, Sherburne County, City Hall, and various religious institutions. Over time, the employment base began to diversify and add new major employers including Wal- Mart and other retail establishments, Metal Craft Machine & Engineering, Cretex and other retail, service, and light industrial institutions. The top 20 employers within the City include: Chart 12-2:Commuting-2010 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% - 60.0% Percent of Workers 50.0% Traveling 35 or More Minutes to Work 40.0% ■Drove Alone-Car,Truck 30.0% or Van 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 1990 2000 2010 Source: US Census Top 20 Employers within Elk River Largest Employers Product/Service Full-Time Part-Time Total Employees Employees Independent School District 728 Education 892 706 1598 Sherburne County Government 560 38 598 Wal-Mart Retail Store nla nla 380 Guardian Angels of Elk River, Inc. NursinglHousing 79 238 317 Great River Energy Electric Utility 236 0 236 Tescom Corporation Pressure Control Devices 187 0 187 City of Elk River Government 114 45 159 Menards Retail Store nla nla 150 Cornerstone Auto Resource Automobile Sales 105 42 147 Coborn's Grocery Store 27 95 122 Sportech,Inc. Plastics Thermoforming 103 8 111 Cub Foods Grovery Store 44 65 109 Metal Craft Machine&Engineering Precision Maching 100 5 105 Cretex Companies,Inc. Precast Concrete Products 100 0 100 Crystal Distribution, Inc. Custon Curb Adaptors 100 nla 100 The Home Depot Retail Store nla nla 100 The Bank of Elk River Financial Institution 86 13 99 E&0 Tool and Plastics,Inc. Injection Molding j 98 j 0 j 98 Faribault Foods,Inc. Pouch Packaging 79 nla 79 Source: City of Elk River 126 / Chapter 12: Community Development . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Planning Efforts time, the lack of investment leads to a deterioration of property. These conditions of blight often spread to Economic Development Strategic Plan adjacent properties. Redevelopment will become an increasingly important The Elk River 2013-16 Economic Development Strategic community development issue for Elk River. Several Plan seeks to "Modify [the] Industrial Development goal to factors define the need for city action: Business Development and include two sets of strategies: 1) Industrial Development Strategies, and 2) Commercial Redevelopment becomes a public issue because Strategies." Under the Business Development goal is market forces are not likely to solve the problem. the following objective: "Attract new businesses and While Elk River has the ability to expand, development demand can bypass redevelopment support existing businesses to increase the city's industrial parcels and seek out vacant land. There is little or tax base, commercial base and employment base." no incentive to correct the problems on blighted The Economic Development Strategic Plan provides a parcels. Vacant land avoids many of the barriers strategic approach for attracting industrial and commercial of redevelopment sites. businesses. • Redevelopment property is often more expensive. Acquisition includes both land and buildings. Strategic Industrial Marketing Plan Redevelopment often requires the assembly of smaller parcels into a larger site. Multiple property There is a realization among City officials that reaching the owners with differing interests compound the industrial development goals will require more effort than complexity of land acquisition. simply designating property in a land use plan; especially Redevelopment sites have more site preparation as it relates to attracting new business to Elk River. costs. Buildings must be demolished and the site To this end, the City has created a Strategic Industrial cleared before new construction can occur. Marketing Plan. The vision of this plan is for Elk River "to • Redevelopment may face the need and cost of be the light industrial hub for small to medium-size firms environmental remediation. Old buildings may have in the northwest metro region." The Strategic Industrial asbestos or other hazardous materials that require Marketing Plan provides the framework for identifying special treatment. Certain commercial and industrial opportunities and attracting new businesses to Elk River. may have allowed pollutants to enter the soil. Energy City 2024 Action Plan All of these factors combine to create significant economic barriers to redevelopment. Removal of The Energy City Commission is developing an action these barriers is a primary focus of city actions plan to focus its efforts on creating tangible targets and related to redevelopment. benefits to the City, its residents, and business partners. Mississippi Connections Redevelopment 171st Avenue Focused Area Study (FAST) Framework The 171 st Avenue FAST has an employment focus. It The Mississippi Connections Redevelopment seeks to leverage key assets that are embedded in the Framework establishes a long-range vision for the community to reinforce Elk River as a regional hub. The 400-acre core of Elk River. The objective of the Plan also seeks to create nearly 6.5 million square feet of plan is to, "provide guidance to property owners,stakeholders, and community leadership to retail, office and industrial space at the maturity of the position the area in such a way that strengthens plan, which is a 25 to 30 year planning horizon. the area to survive the impacts of time and change; methods to reestablish the downtown Redevelopment area as a destination; a desirable address to do business, live, and enjoy the diversity of uses in The roots of redevelopment are intrinsically tied to local a character rich downtown amid the hustle and economic factors. Limitations on income means a lack of bustle of a growing community." disposable income needed to reinvest in property. Over Chapter 12: Community Development / 127 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Mississippi Connections Area The area identified as the Mississippi Connections Area is an essential part of Elk River's heritage and identity. The Mississippi Connections land use seeks to preserve and enhance the commercial districts and residential neighborhoods in this area. Continued designation of a land use is only one step in the effort to preserve and enhance the downtown area. Continued actions must be taken to achieve the objectives of the Mississippi Connections plan. k !;, 4 M11 Continue to Build Connections A key to the revitalization and sustainability of the Mississippi Connection area is creating connections �T within the area to other parts of the community. Some potential connections include: Continued streetscape improvements along Main, Proctor and Jackson to maintain the sense of identify andappearance of the downtown area. Build off of and strengthen a well-defined system of sidewalks and trails to encourage pedestrian and other non-vehicular movement within the area. North-south connections and safe access across Highway 10 are critical in this area. Further connections should link downtown to school campuses, Lion's Park, the River, Handke School and the Library, which are outside the area. Continued connections through parks, other public open spaces, trails, and orientation of private development to create visual and physical connections between the Mississippi Connections area and the Mississippi River. , Continued Maintenance of Public Facilities _ Public facilities are key elements of the Mississippi - Connections Area. Schools, Lion's Park Center, —,- other parks and the Library shape the identity of the Mississippi Connections Area. They also attract people into the area. Continued improvements and maintenance of these public facilities should be considered and objectives of the Mississippi Connections area and public actions should focus on retaining these public uses within the area. I 1 � r 128 / Chapter 12: Community Development . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan River Tools for City Actions Tax Abatement The Community Development section of the Tax abatement acts like a simpler and less powerful Comprehensive Plan presents items that serve version of tax increment financing. With TIF, the city as a focus for city actions. These actions seek controls the entire property tax revenue from new to achieve the vision for the future of Elk River development. Under the abatement statute (Minnesota in areas where market forces alone will not be sufficient. State Law provides a broad array of Statutes, Sections 469.1812 through 469.1815), the powers and tools that may assist the city in these City, County and School District have independent initiatives. The following section provides a brief authority to grant tax abatement. discussion of the tools currently available to the city. This information is designed as a point of Special Assessments reference in continued community development planning. Public improvements are often financed using the power to levy special assessments (Minnesota Finance Tools Statutes Chapter 429). A special assessment is a means for benefiting properties to pay for all or Community development actions require a framework part of the costs associated with improvements, for financial decision-making. The investment of and to spread the impact over a period of years. public dollars to achieve community development This tool can be applied to both the construction of objectives should be guided by several key principles: new improvements and the rehabilitation of existing Financial resources are limited. The City improvements. has limited funding to apply to community development initiatives, so the use of resources Utility Revenues must be targeted to achieve the greatest effect on community needs. The City operates three municipal utilities: water, Financial decisions require a long-term perspective. sanitary sewer and storm water. The revenues from The current use of financial resources may reduce the operation of these utilities are available to pay monies available in the future. In evaluating for capital improvements in support of community short-term opportunities, it is important to question development initiatives. State Law (Minnesota the long-term impact on community development. Statutes, Section 444.075) gives the authority to Public funds should lead to private investment. pledge these revenues to general obligation bonds for While this section focuses on public finance utility system improvements. actions, the Comprehensive Plan cannot become reality without private investment. The use of Capita/Improvement Bonds public funds should be targeted to actions that encourage private investment in Elk River. Cities may issue capital improvement bonds (Minnesota Statute, Section 475.521) for specific Tax Increment Financing purposes. Tax increment financing (TIF) is the primary development finance tool available to Minnesota Micro%ans cities (Minnesota Statutes, Sections 469.174 through 469.179). TIF is simple in concept, but The Microloan program provides low interest, long- complex in its application. Through tax increment term (i.e. greater than one year) loans as incentives to financing, the property taxes created by new encourage the following: development (or redevelopment) are captured and used to finance activities needed to encourage Industrial development that supports the tax base the development. The challenge in using TIF lies and brings quality jobs to the city with the complex and ever changing statutory Rehabilitation of existing buildings in the Central limitations. The City has utilized TIF sparingly in Business District the past, and it is expected that it will continue to Energy Efficiency improvements to businesses and do so in the future. manufacturers Chapter 12: Community Development / 129 Elk River Comprehensve Plan r r rF_N IR � It iiii� F � RT - - .OS IUME CONTEST,OJ 3pm tem� Implementation The following are broad implementation strategies Encourage the development of new, value-added reflecting the City's vision, specifically as it relates to industries and businesses that can benefit from the community development. area's amenities and existing industries. Set retention of existing businesses and industries As appropriate, coordinate with the Elk River as a priority of the City's economic development Area Chamber of Commerce, neighboring and plan. overlapping jurisdictions, and others to promote Elk Continue implementation of periodic BR&E River and/or the area as a special destination area meetings on an individual basis with businesses with unique shops and restaurants and diverse and industries to listen to concerns and discuss recreation activities and community events. opportunities for success. Also identify any Strive to identify under-utilized or under-served perceived or real barriers or obstacles (such as local and regional markets and give priority to local overly restrictive ordinances) that the City could business development to service these markets. potentially remove or minimize to help businesses Coordinate with businesses and industries to and industries prosper, while still protecting the explore opportunities for the City to stand out as health, safety, and welfare of the public. a leader in sustainable business and community Coordinate with Sherburne County, the Elk River development. Area Chamber of Commerce, Minnesota School of Analyze the long-term viability of existing and Business - Elk River Campus, the School District, proposed neighborhood convenience nodes in GreaterMSP, and others in their efforts to promote the City. Where appropriate, work with property training opportunities that can help businesses owners and neighbors to ensure continued success and industries prosper. If appropriate, co-sponsor of neighborhood convenience uses in a manner and/or offer City facilities for employee training that compliments the surrounding neighborhoods. programs. Coordinate with energy providers and others to Identify and implement strategies to enhance the infrastructure in a way that can help support help businesses and industries conserve energy residents telecommute or conduct business out of resources and reduce operating costs. their home. Continue to promote Elk River's high quality of life Continue to promote and encourage the expansion as a means to help attract new businesses and of jobs and buisness growth within the city. industries. 130 / Chapter 12: Community Development . � 11' Elk Elk River Comp ehensive Plan R1Ver .1 c� c� do Introduction Community image is a thread running through the entire Comprehensive alliance Plan. Every chapter of the Plan deals, in some manner, with the MAIN STREET GALLERY face Elk River presents and the vision it holds for the future. The Comprehensive Plan seeks to establish and maintain a positive community image by: Creating an overall development pattern that is well designed and sustainable; Maintaining edges and buffers that define and protect adjacent land uses; Promoting a development pattern that properly blends the built and the natural environment; Sustaining livable neighborhoods and promoting pride in property and community; Creating and maintaining excellent systems of parks, trails, and open spaces throughout the community; and Providing community facilities that meet the needs of Elk River residents of today and tomorrow. Chapter 13: Community Image / 131 Elk River Comprehensive Plan In addition to these key objectives of the Comprehensive Plan, certain aspects of community image merit addition attention. This Chapter of the Plan examines several specific aspects of community image for Elk River. 1 The focus of development and redevelopment in „- - Elk River should focus on creating a community of connections, carefully designed places, sidewalk and " } trail connections, and green spaces and open spaces that are walkable and create opportunities to enhance --- the health and vitality of the community. Image Issues and Opportunities Various elements combine to form community image. In 2012, the City of Elk River underwent a community-wide branding process that resulted in the City's "Community Brand Compass & Brand Navigator". "Powered By Nature" brings the community brand to life in a powerful and compelling way. In using the Comprehensive Plan as a tool to enhance image beyond the efforts of the branding plan, it is important to consider the issues that shape Elk River's image. The following questions help to frame planning related to image: What factors establish Elk River's identity? Should and/or how can the image of Elk River be improved in the minds of residents and non- residents? How can the sense of "place" be enhanced? Should neighborhoods be more clearly defined and identified? How can the entrances (or gateways) to Elk River be more clearly identified? Do the City, the business community, and School District market themselves effectively to existing and prospective residents (especially to families)? The answers to these questions will help to guide public actions related to community image. Some of these issues are explored in greater detail in the sections to follow. Public Investment Investments in public buildings and infrastructure create the opportunity to define and enhance community image. The public investment in streets and the adjacent right-of-way can have significant impacts on community image. Elements to enhance the streetscape are key to creating a community image that people can relate to and enjoy. Planning improvements to the local street system create the opportunity to explore the use of these improvements to enhance image. This opportunity is critical, especially in areas such as the downtown. Improvements over the past several years within the downtown area have made strives to enhance the downtown area in terms of place-making and streetscaping, but continued support and dedication to this concept will be critical in the years to come. 132 / Chapter 13: Community Image Elk Elk River comprehensive Plan Rlver River Public buildings are an important component of community character as well. The reuse and enhancement of historic structures shape the face of the community and maintain that "small-town-feel" that residents and business owners alike have grown to love and expect in years to come. The reuse of existing properties with exceptional character provide a positive reflection of community heritage and values. The continued public use of the Handke School is a prime example of this approach and other similar opportunities should be encouraged in the future. The park system offers another illustration of using public investment to enhance image. Parks create green space and natural settings in a built environment. Parks provide places for community to gather and play. They also provide tangible proof of Elk River's commitment to quality of life. The Rivers Edge Commons is a great example of this type of amenity that adds to the image of the community. Open Space/Greenways The continued preservation and use of open space and natural features helps to maintain the "rural" or "small town" character of the community that has continuously been expressed as a top priority. The Parks, Trails, and Open Space chapter of the Plan discusses the creation of greenway corridors. These corridors help to create a rplace that blends the built and natural environment. Other open space initiatives seek to I E establish a stronger connection between the community and the River. cA F !� Signage ' Both private and public signage plays a huge role in community image. Business signs are an important extension of commercial development as these signs announce the presence and location of their business. Without public guidance and key design standards, business signs can diminish the overall image of commercial or industrial districts and corridors. Local ordinances should seek a balance between private and public objectives. At a minimum, the size, quantity and appearance of signs should not detract from a positive community image. A better objective is to find ways of using =- these private investments to enhance the visual appeal of the area. Business interest will center on cost and effective communication. Chapter 13: Community Image / 133 Elk River Comprehensive Plan Public signage is an important element of image as well. Directional and informational signage can reflect community image and heritage. These public improvements should be part of a broader plan for corridor enhancements. If corridors attempt to draw people into Elk River, signage must support this objective. Signage suggests that there are points ,.- of interest not immediately visible from the edge or gateway. Effective signage and consistent signage helps visitors navigate around the community. Design Guidelines With the completion of the Mississippi Connections Plan, further analysis of design guidelines for the downtown area is key to successful implementation of the Plan. Design guidelines help to preserve historic character and to promote a cohesive appearance. Design guidelines should also be considered as part of area development and redevelopment efforts throughout the community. Downtown One key facet of the Downtown land use and the implementation of the Mississippi Connections Plan is to build on the historical character of Elk River. The strategies for using the Downtown area to enhance the image of Elk River include: Focus on other redevelopment opportunities in this r ® y area; Continued enhancement of community orientation „yY and public access to the River; Use community facilities to make this area a focal point of community life; Use consistent streetscape and signage to create a common identity; Maintain the area as a strong and distinct residential neighborhood; and Maintain the historic character of downtown. Maintaining a balance between existing structures and •r ' redevelopment will be critical to ensure the character of the downtown is sustained. 134 / Chapter 13: Community Image . � 11' Elk Elk River Comprehensive Plan R1Ver Implementation The following are statements that reflect strategies that are geared toward community image. Work with neighboring and overlapping Where appropriate, support and assist efforts jurisdictions to guide appropriate land uses near the to improve the appearance of commercial and boundaries of Elk River (both within the City and industrial developments along major corridors within the surrounding communities). within the City including along Hwy 169, Hwy Where feasible, coordinate with neighboring 10, within the downtown, and at key entry points communities and Sherburne County to ensure and industrial parks though the use of building compatibility between the various Comprehensive rehabilitation, screening and enhanced landscaping Plans, Subdivision Regulations, and Zoning and signage. Ordinances. Continue to work with properties that detract Explore opportunities to coordinate with agencies from the established community image goals by to implement compatible standards relating to requiring compliance with all city codes through protection of natural and cultural resources. effective enforcement strategies. Promote the protection and enhancement of Continue to promote private reinvestment in Elk important historical and natural resources as a River. One way to accomplish this task is to means to maintain the integrity, heritage and local provide assistance and information with regard character of the community. to available programs that may assist property and business owners in building renovations, Continue implementation of the Mississippi expansion, enhancement and beautification. Connections Plan and streetscaping enhancements throughout the entire city, in the downtown area in Consider developing a plan or implementation tool particular. that offers incentives for infill development and removal of substandard buildings or consolidation Continue the implementation of the Community of land where feasible. Brand Compass and Brand Navigator to establish and enhance the cohesive image for the entire Encourage volunteerism and participation in community. community activities and acceptance of City leadership positions. Ideally this will lead to Continue to support adaptive reuse of existing increased and improved communication and buildings where appropriate. interaction between City and residents, business and Promote the development and implementation property owners, and other community members. of a Comprehensive Plan that effectively and efficiently plans for land use, community facilities, transportation, housing, economic development, recreation and natural spaces and technological advancement for Elk River. Continue to support organizations that promote Elk River including the Elk River Area Chamber of Commerce. Create and maintain attractive gateways and entry points in the City. A key component of this will N+' be to develop a plan to keep the City's gateways I appealing by maintaining and enhancing lighting, signage, public art, landscaping and other features at the City entrances. Chapter 13: Community Image / 135